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人教版高中數(shù)學(xué)選修3離散型隨機(jī)變量及其分布列(2)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
溫故知新 1.離散型隨機(jī)變量的定義可能取值為有限個(gè)或可以一一列舉的隨機(jī)變量,我們稱為離散型隨機(jī)變量.通常用大寫(xiě)英文字母表示隨機(jī)變量,例如X,Y,Z;用小寫(xiě)英文字母表示隨機(jī)變量的取值,例如x,y,z.隨機(jī)變量的特點(diǎn): 試驗(yàn)之前可以判斷其可能出現(xiàn)的所有值，在試驗(yàn)之前不可能確定取何值；可以用數(shù)字表示2、隨機(jī)變量的分類①離散型隨機(jī)變量:X的取值可一、一列出；②連續(xù)型隨機(jī)變量:X可以取某個(gè)區(qū)間內(nèi)的一切值隨機(jī)變量將隨機(jī)事件的結(jié)果數(shù)量化．3、古典概型:①試驗(yàn)中所有可能出現(xiàn)的基本事件只有有限個(gè)；②每個(gè)基本事件出現(xiàn)的可能性相等。二、探究新知探究1.拋擲一枚骰子,所得的點(diǎn)數(shù)X有哪些值？取每個(gè)值的概率是多少？ 因?yàn)閄取值范圍是{1，2，3，4，5，6}而且"P(X=m)"=1/6,m=1,2,3,4,5,6.因此X分布列如下表所示
人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)必修一單調(diào)性與最大（?。┲到虒W(xué)設(shè)計(jì)（2）
《函數(shù)的單調(diào)性與最大（小）值》是高中數(shù)學(xué)新教材第一冊(cè)第三章第2節(jié)的內(nèi)容。在此之前，學(xué)生已學(xué)習(xí)了函數(shù)的概念、定義域、值域及表示法，這為過(guò)渡到本節(jié)的學(xué)習(xí)起著鋪墊作用。學(xué)生在初中已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了一次函數(shù)、二次函數(shù)、反比例函數(shù)的圖象，在此基礎(chǔ)上學(xué)生對(duì)增減性有一個(gè)初步的感性認(rèn)識(shí)，所以本節(jié)課是學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)思想的一次重要提高。函數(shù)單調(diào)性是函數(shù)概念的延續(xù)和拓展，又是后續(xù)研究指數(shù)函數(shù)、對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)等內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)進(jìn)一步研究閉區(qū)間上的連續(xù)函數(shù)最大值和最小值的求法和實(shí)際應(yīng)用，對(duì)解決各種數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題有著廣泛作用。課程目標(biāo)1、理解增函數(shù)、減函數(shù) 的概念及函數(shù)單調(diào)性的定義；2、會(huì)根據(jù)單調(diào)定義證明函數(shù)單調(diào)性；3、理解函數(shù)的最大（?。┲导捌鋷缀我饬x；4、學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用函數(shù)圖象理解和研究函數(shù)的性質(zhì).數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)科素養(yǎng)
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Discovering Useful Structure教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
1. 表示時(shí)間。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示結(jié)果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示條件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示讓步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 如所提供的動(dòng)詞不能和句子中的主語(yǔ)保持一致, 動(dòng)詞-ing形式必須有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ), 通常由名詞或代詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)任, 這就是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的邏輯主語(yǔ)是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的邏輯主語(yǔ)是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角）left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Reading and Thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Reading for Writing教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
1. 這個(gè)寓言是一個(gè)關(guān)于一位國(guó)王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個(gè)故事讓讀者對(duì)于社區(qū)的問(wèn)題負(fù)有個(gè)人責(zé)任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個(gè)故事十分成功的實(shí)現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
當(dāng)孩子們由父母陪同時(shí)，他們才被允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)。3．過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的幾種特殊情況(1)過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))在句中作時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間、條件、原因及讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.從山頂上看，整個(gè)城市看起來(lái)更美了。Given ten more minutes (＝If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多給十分鐘，我們會(huì)完美地完成這項(xiàng)工作。Greatly touched by his words (＝Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的話深深地感動(dòng)，她滿眼淚花。Warned of the storm (＝Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.盡管被警告了風(fēng)暴的到來(lái)，但農(nóng)民們?nèi)栽谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)干活。(2)過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))在句中作伴隨、方式等狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可改為句子的并列謂語(yǔ)或改為并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (＝and was followed by two students)．后面跟著兩個(gè)學(xué)生，老師走進(jìn)了房間。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(＝and was accompanied by his mom)．他由母親陪著度過(guò)了一整個(gè)下午。
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Discovering useful structures教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.報(bào)紙報(bào)道說(shuō)有一百多人在暴風(fēng)雨中喪生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，以及by、before后面接過(guò)去的時(shí)間時(shí)，主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去的時(shí)間之前且表示被動(dòng)時(shí)，要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10歲前就已經(jīng)被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生產(chǎn)了好幾噸大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次親眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，條件句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，且主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一點(diǎn)得到他的指示，我早就完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快點(diǎn)的話，我就不會(huì)誤了火車。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚會(huì)，你就會(huì)見(jiàn)到他的。
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Reading and thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選修2Unit 5 First Aid-Discovering useful structures教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
You have no excuse for not going.你沒(méi)有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作業(yè)而受到懲罰。2．動(dòng)詞ing形式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動(dòng)詞ing，即“sb./sb.'s＋doing”構(gòu)成。動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上是給動(dòng)詞ing形式加了一個(gè)邏輯主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有四種形式：①形容詞性物主代詞＋動(dòng)詞ing②名詞所有格＋動(dòng)詞ing③代詞賓格＋動(dòng)詞ing④名詞＋動(dòng)詞ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她來(lái)幫忙鼓舞了我們所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.這個(gè)嬰兒被突然的關(guān)門聲吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做飯的樣子嗎？無(wú)生命名詞無(wú)論是作主語(yǔ)還是作賓語(yǔ)都不能用第②種形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.湯姆去年得了一等獎(jiǎng)使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克現(xiàn)在離開(kāi)嗎？Excuse me for my not coming on time．很抱歉我沒(méi)能按時(shí)來(lái)。His father's being ill made him worried.他父親病了，他很擔(dān)心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我們盼望著這位歌手來(lái)給我們舉辦一場(chǎng)演唱會(huì)。
小學(xué)科學(xué)教科版四年級(jí)上冊(cè)《保護(hù)我們的聽(tīng)力》教案
過(guò)程與方法：通過(guò)閱讀保護(hù)聽(tīng)力的資料，了解我們的聽(tīng)力經(jīng)常受到哪些傷害，知道保護(hù)聽(tīng)力的做法。情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀：認(rèn)識(shí)到保護(hù)聽(tīng)力的重要性，養(yǎng)成良好的用耳習(xí)慣和在公共場(chǎng)所保持肅靜的習(xí)慣。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)認(rèn)識(shí)到保護(hù)聽(tīng)力的重要性教學(xué)難點(diǎn)知道各種控制噪音的方法教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備發(fā)音罐、報(bào)紙、毛巾、棉花等
小學(xué)美術(shù)桂美版一年級(jí)上冊(cè)《第1課美麗的大自然》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)課稿
教學(xué)目標(biāo) 知識(shí)目標(biāo)：通過(guò)欣賞大自然的圖片，感知大自然不同特點(diǎn)的美?！ 〖寄苣繕?biāo)：能用自己喜歡的方式表達(dá)對(duì)不同自然美的感受?！ ∏楦袘B(tài)度與價(jià)值觀：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生熱愛(ài)大自然的情感，及愛(ài)護(hù)大自然的情感?！ 〗虒W(xué)重點(diǎn)讓學(xué)生感受大自然不同的美，了解大自然的豐富，并能用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)自己的感受。 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)用審美的眼光去觀察大自然?！ ≈饕谭▎l(fā)引導(dǎo)法、自學(xué)嘗試法 學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)體驗(yàn)探究法輔助指導(dǎo)法 教學(xué)資源教師：教材、課件?！ W(xué)生：教材、自然風(fēng)光片 教學(xué)過(guò)程： 教學(xué)活動(dòng)教學(xué)意圖 教師學(xué)生
北師大版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)四年級(jí)上冊(cè)《不確定性》說(shuō)課稿
在教學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)新知一時(shí)，通過(guò)讓學(xué)生動(dòng)手?jǐn)S硬幣活動(dòng)，使學(xué)生先猜想再驗(yàn)證，學(xué)生就會(huì)明白在擲硬幣時(shí)，可能正面朝上，也可能反面朝上，哪面朝上具有不確定性。再通過(guò)對(duì)三個(gè)問(wèn)題的分析，結(jié)果分別有幾種不同情況，最后確定可能性。通過(guò)對(duì)日常生活中不同事件的分析，學(xué)生就會(huì)得出許多事件的結(jié)果是不可預(yù)知的，具有不確定性。學(xué)習(xí)新知一通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)一系列問(wèn)題引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)不確定性問(wèn)題的理解和掌握。學(xué)習(xí)新知二通過(guò)先讓學(xué)生分析、討論交流，再連一連，就知道第（1）個(gè)盒子摸到的結(jié)果只有一種情況，一定是黃球；第（2）個(gè)盒子摸到的結(jié)果也只有一種情況，一定是白球，所以不可能是黃球；第（3）個(gè)盒子摸到的結(jié)果有兩種情況，可能是黃球，也可能是白球，所以只能連“可能是黃球”，這樣學(xué)生就會(huì)用“一定”“可能”“不可能”等詞語(yǔ)描述事件發(fā)生的情況。
北師大版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)四年級(jí)上冊(cè)《乘法分配律》說(shuō)課稿
四、教學(xué)過(guò)程1、情景引入首先，利用精美課件“購(gòu)物情景”引入：上衣每件65元，褲子每條35元。問(wèn)題：①買5件上衣和5條褲子，一共要付多少元？問(wèn)題：②買5套這樣的衣服，一共要付多少元？這樣引入目的在于創(chuàng)設(shè)一個(gè)充滿趣味的問(wèn)題情境，使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中蘊(yùn)含著大量的數(shù)學(xué)信息，并主動(dòng)積極的帶著自己的知識(shí)背景、活動(dòng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和理解走進(jìn)課堂。2、解決問(wèn)題，感知規(guī)律（1）讓學(xué)生合作完成，男同學(xué)解答問(wèn)題①得到65×5+35×5=500（元）。女同學(xué)解答問(wèn)題②得到（65+35）×5=500（元）（2）通過(guò)分析，兩個(gè)問(wèn)題實(shí)際上是一樣的，兩個(gè)算式應(yīng)該相等。即：65×5+35×5=（65+35）×5。（3）新課標(biāo)強(qiáng)調(diào)要讓學(xué)生經(jīng)歷、體驗(yàn)知識(shí)獲得的過(guò)程，主動(dòng)參與探索，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律。在學(xué)生獨(dú)立解答的過(guò)程中，我會(huì)重點(diǎn)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生感悟問(wèn)題①和問(wèn)題②的共同特征：買了同樣的衣服，體會(huì)規(guī)律形成的過(guò)程。3、檢驗(yàn)規(guī)律，建立模型
北師大版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)四年級(jí)上冊(cè)《加法結(jié)合律》說(shuō)課稿
學(xué)生雖然在此前的學(xué)習(xí)中，對(duì)四則運(yùn)算中的一些性質(zhì)和規(guī)律有感性的認(rèn)識(shí)，但加法結(jié)合律畢竟是屬于理性的總結(jié)和概括，比較抽象，學(xué)生不易理解和掌握。因此，教師在教學(xué)過(guò)程中，要利用學(xué)生已經(jīng)掌握的知識(shí)，讓學(xué)生獨(dú)立解答，然后引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析、比較不同的方法，并通過(guò)自己的舉例發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律，概括出相應(yīng)的運(yùn)算律。根據(jù)以上教材內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)的分析，考慮到學(xué)生已有的心理結(jié)構(gòu)特征，我確定了如下教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1、理解并掌握加法結(jié)合律，并能夠用字母來(lái)表示加法結(jié)合律。2、經(jīng)歷探索加法結(jié)合律的過(guò)程，通過(guò)對(duì)熟悉的實(shí)際問(wèn)題的解決，進(jìn)行比較和分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)并概括出運(yùn)算定律。3、在具體情境中體會(huì)應(yīng)用加法結(jié)合律進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)便計(jì)算的實(shí)際意義，感受到加法結(jié)合律的價(jià)值，與日常生活的密切聯(lián)系，形成一定得應(yīng)用意識(shí)。重點(diǎn)：理解并掌握加法結(jié)合律，能用字母來(lái)表示加法結(jié)合律。難點(diǎn)：經(jīng)歷探索加法結(jié)合律的過(guò)程，發(fā)現(xiàn)并概括出運(yùn)算定律。
北師大版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)四年級(jí)上冊(cè)《衛(wèi)星運(yùn)行時(shí)間》說(shuō)課稿
二、學(xué)情分析學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)本課之前，已經(jīng)熟練掌握了兩位數(shù)乘兩位數(shù)與三位數(shù)乘一位數(shù)的豎式計(jì)算方法，本節(jié)課是將已有知識(shí)遷移到兩、三位數(shù)乘法的計(jì)算學(xué)習(xí)中。計(jì)算上難度不是很大，所以應(yīng)該放手讓學(xué)生自主探索計(jì)算方法。但學(xué)生可能會(huì)在估計(jì)積的范圍和建立各種算法間內(nèi)在聯(lián)系上出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，特別是算法中出現(xiàn)的表格法要讓學(xué)生建立與其他方法的聯(lián)系上會(huì)比較難。三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.能結(jié)合具體情境估計(jì)兩、三位數(shù)乘法的積的范圍。2.探索兩、三位數(shù)乘法的計(jì)算方法，能正確計(jì)算，并樂(lè)于與同伴交流算法。3.培養(yǎng)計(jì)算興趣和良好的計(jì)算習(xí)慣，提高利用乘法運(yùn)算解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題能力。三、教材處理在理解尊重教材的基礎(chǔ)上，適當(dāng)整合并創(chuàng)造性使用教材：1、在情境創(chuàng)設(shè)中加入翟志剛的視頻圖片。2、變基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)試一試“先估后算“為”先算后估“。【課件出示】
北師大版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)四年級(jí)上冊(cè)《有多少名觀眾》說(shuō)課稿
今天我說(shuō)課的題目是《有多少名觀眾》，下面我從說(shuō)教材、說(shuō)學(xué)情、說(shuō)教學(xué)流程幾個(gè)方面對(duì)本課的教學(xué)進(jìn)行一下闡述：一、說(shuō)教材1、說(shuō)內(nèi)容?！队卸嗌倜^眾》是北師大版四年級(jí)上冊(cè)第33至34頁(yè)內(nèi)容。2、教材簡(jiǎn)析。對(duì)較大數(shù)進(jìn)行估計(jì)，先要把較大的數(shù)分成大體相同的幾個(gè)部分，那么只要能估計(jì)出其中一部分的數(shù)量，就可以用乘法算出要估計(jì)的數(shù)量。教科書(shū)提出三個(gè)問(wèn)題：1.討論用什么策略估計(jì)體育場(chǎng)館中人數(shù)；2.如何估計(jì)一個(gè)看臺(tái)觀眾的人數(shù)；3.如何估算得到體育場(chǎng)可容納的觀眾人數(shù)。4、說(shuō)教學(xué)目標(biāo)。知識(shí)與技能：能結(jié)合已有的知識(shí)，探索三位數(shù)乘兩位數(shù)的計(jì)算方法，并能進(jìn)行正確計(jì)算。過(guò)程與方法：引導(dǎo)學(xué)生經(jīng)歷數(shù)學(xué)信息的收集、問(wèn)題的提出、問(wèn)題的解決的全過(guò)程，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的意識(shí)．
北師大版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)四年級(jí)上冊(cè)《參觀花圃》說(shuō)課稿
二學(xué)情分析（前測(cè)得結(jié)果）我們的學(xué)生在二三年級(jí)已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了表內(nèi)除法的豎式計(jì)算、有余數(shù)除法和兩三位數(shù)除以一位數(shù)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，基本掌握了除數(shù)計(jì)算的試商方法。前兩節(jié)課通過(guò)特例（除數(shù)是整十?dāng)?shù)），學(xué)生基本掌握了除數(shù)是兩位數(shù)豎式筆算的一般步驟和方法，能夠判斷商是幾位數(shù)。三教學(xué)目標(biāo)基于我對(duì)教材的分析和學(xué)情的分析我確定了以下教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1、知識(shí)與技能：會(huì)用“四舍五入”法把除數(shù)看作整十?dāng)?shù)試商。2、過(guò)程與方法：能正確計(jì)算三位數(shù)除以兩位數(shù)，商是一位數(shù)的除法。3、情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀：經(jīng)歷用乘法估商的過(guò)程，歸納概括三位數(shù)除以兩位數(shù)的試商方法，進(jìn)一步發(fā)展學(xué)生的估計(jì)意識(shí)。四、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)是：能用四舍五入法把除數(shù)看作整十?dāng)?shù)進(jìn)行試商，正確計(jì)算三位數(shù)除以兩位數(shù)的除法。難點(diǎn)：用乘法估商的過(guò)程，歸納概括三位數(shù)除以兩位數(shù)的試商方法。
北師大版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)四年級(jí)上冊(cè)《乘法結(jié)合律》說(shuō)課稿
當(dāng)然獨(dú)立思考是合作的前提，沒(méi)有獨(dú)立思考的合作交流是空的，在本教學(xué)中也有體現(xiàn)，例如在進(jìn)行猜想驗(yàn)證的教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)中，我要求每個(gè)學(xué)生自己先寫(xiě)一個(gè)式子，再四人小組進(jìn)行交流，最后全班進(jìn)行交流。在總結(jié)出乘法結(jié)合律的規(guī)律時(shí)，要求學(xué)生用自己的語(yǔ)言敘述概括，用自己的方法把這個(gè)規(guī)律記住。充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生的想象力，以就能獲得學(xué)生創(chuàng)新的思維火花，同時(shí)體現(xiàn)“主動(dòng)參與、積極思考、合作發(fā)現(xiàn)、體驗(yàn)成功、健康發(fā)展”的教學(xué)思路。在鞏固練習(xí)階段，充分給學(xué)生以自主權(quán)，學(xué)生以“創(chuàng)造”的空間，并通過(guò)比較，感受計(jì)算方法的靈活多樣，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用知識(shí)進(jìn)行解題的能力。在練習(xí)的設(shè)計(jì)上，設(shè)計(jì)了有層次的練習(xí)題，使學(xué)有余力的學(xué)生在原有的基礎(chǔ)上有所提高，體現(xiàn)了因材施教的思想，落實(shí)了“人人學(xué)有價(jià)值的數(shù)學(xué)”、“人人都能獲得必要的數(shù)學(xué)”、“不同的人在數(shù)學(xué)上得到不同的發(fā)展”基本教學(xué)理念。
北師大版小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)四年級(jí)上冊(cè)《加法交換律和乘法交換律》說(shuō)課稿
1、教學(xué)內(nèi)容?！凹臃ń粨Q律和乘法交換律”是北師大版《義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)教課書(shū)》四年級(jí)上冊(cè)第四單元的內(nèi)容。書(shū)中把兩部分內(nèi)容編排在一起。在備課過(guò)程中，根據(jù)教學(xué)內(nèi)容和學(xué)情我先引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)加法交換律，然后在學(xué)生掌握加法交換律的基礎(chǔ)上遷移過(guò)來(lái)。讓孩子們大膽猜想，進(jìn)而驗(yàn)證，得出乘法交換律。2、加法、乘法交換律在數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)中的作用。本單元所學(xué)習(xí)的幾條運(yùn)算定律，不僅適用于整數(shù)的加法和乘法，也適用于有理數(shù)的加法和乘法。隨著數(shù)的范圍的進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展，在實(shí)數(shù)甚至復(fù)數(shù)的加法和乘法中，它們?nèi)匀怀闪?。因此，這些運(yùn)算定律在數(shù)學(xué)中具有重要的地位和作用，被譽(yù)為“數(shù)學(xué)大廈的基石”。而加法、乘法交換律又是這數(shù)學(xué)大廈基石中的基石。
