
課題序號(hào) 授課班級(jí) 授課課時(shí)2授課形式新課授課章節(jié) 名稱§9-1 平面基本性質(zhì)使用教具多媒體課件教學(xué)目的1.了解平面的定義、表示法及特點(diǎn),會(huì)用符號(hào)表示點(diǎn)、線、面之間的關(guān)系—基礎(chǔ)模塊 2.了解平面的基本性質(zhì)和推論,會(huì)應(yīng)用定理和推論解釋生活中的一些現(xiàn)象—基礎(chǔ)模塊 3.會(huì)用斜二測(cè)畫法畫立體圖形的直觀圖—基礎(chǔ)模塊 4.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的空間想象能力教學(xué)重點(diǎn)用適當(dāng)?shù)姆?hào)表示點(diǎn)、線、面之間的關(guān)系;會(huì)用斜二測(cè)畫法畫立體圖形的直觀圖教學(xué)難點(diǎn)從平面幾何向立體幾何的過渡,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的空間想象能力.更新補(bǔ)充 刪節(jié)內(nèi)容 課外作業(yè) 教學(xué)后記能動(dòng)手畫,動(dòng)腦想,但立體幾何的語言及想象能力差

教 學(xué) 過 程教師 行為學(xué)生 行為教學(xué) 意圖時(shí)間 *揭示課題 3.1 排列與組合. *創(chuàng)設(shè)情境 興趣導(dǎo)入 基礎(chǔ)模塊中,曾經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了兩個(gè)計(jì)數(shù)原理.大家知道: (1)如果完成一件事,有N類方式.第一類方式有k1種方法,第二類方式有k2種方法,……,第n類方式有kn種方法,那么完成這件事的方法共有 = + +…+(種). (3.1) (2)如果完成一件事,需要分成N個(gè)步驟.完成第1個(gè)步驟有k1種方法,完成第2個(gè)步驟有k2種方法,……,完成第n個(gè)步驟有kn種方法,并且只有這n個(gè)步驟都完成后,這件事才能完成,那么完成這件事的方法共有 = · ·…·(種). (3.2) 下面看一個(gè)問題: 在北京、重慶、上海3個(gè)民航站之間的直達(dá)航線,需要準(zhǔn)備多少種不同的機(jī)票? 這個(gè)問題就是從北京、重慶、上海3個(gè)民航站中,每次取出2個(gè)站,按照起點(diǎn)在前,終點(diǎn)在后的順序排列,求不同的排列方法的總數(shù). 首先確定機(jī)票的起點(diǎn),從3個(gè)民航站中任意選取1個(gè),有3種不同的方法;然后確定機(jī)票的終點(diǎn),從剩余的2個(gè)民航站中任意選取1個(gè),有2種不同的方法.根據(jù)分步計(jì)數(shù)原理,共有3×2=6種不同的方法,即需要準(zhǔn)備6種不同的飛機(jī)票: 北京→重慶,北京→上海,重慶→北京,重慶→上海,上?!本虾!貞c. 介紹 播放 課件 質(zhì)疑 了解 觀看 課件 思考 引導(dǎo) 啟發(fā)學(xué)生得出結(jié)果 0 15*動(dòng)腦思考 探索新知 我們將被取的對(duì)象(如上面問題中的民航站)叫做元素,上面的問題就是:從3個(gè)不同元素中,任取2個(gè),按照一定的順序排成一列,可以得到多少種不同的排列. 一般地,從n個(gè)不同元素中,任取m (m≤n)個(gè)元素,按照一定的順序排成一列,叫做從n個(gè)不同元素中取出m個(gè)元素的一個(gè)排列,時(shí)叫做選排列,時(shí)叫做全排列. 總結(jié) 歸納 分析 關(guān)鍵 詞語 思考 理解 記憶 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)解決問題方法 20

高斯(Gauss,1777-1855),德國(guó)數(shù)學(xué)家,近代數(shù)學(xué)的奠基者之一. 他在天文學(xué)、大地測(cè)量學(xué)、磁學(xué)、光學(xué)等領(lǐng)域都做出過杰出貢獻(xiàn). 問題1:為什么1+100=2+99=…=50+51呢?這是巧合嗎?試從數(shù)列角度給出解釋.高斯的算法:(1+100)+(2+99)+…+(50+51)= 101×50=5050高斯的算法實(shí)際上解決了求等差數(shù)列:1,2,3,…,n,"… " 前100項(xiàng)的和問題.等差數(shù)列中,下標(biāo)和相等的兩項(xiàng)和相等.設(shè) an=n,則 a1=1,a2=2,a3=3,…如果數(shù)列{an} 是等差數(shù)列,p,q,s,t∈N*,且 p+q=s+t,則 ap+aq=as+at 可得:a_1+a_100=a_2+a_99=?=a_50+a_51問題2: 你能用上述方法計(jì)算1+2+3+… +101嗎?問題3: 你能計(jì)算1+2+3+… +n嗎?需要對(duì)項(xiàng)數(shù)的奇偶進(jìn)行分類討論.當(dāng)n為偶數(shù)時(shí), S_n=(1+n)+[(2+(n-1)]+?+[(n/2+(n/2-1)]=(1+n)+(1+n)…+(1+n)=n/2 (1+n) =(n(1+n))/2當(dāng)n為奇數(shù)數(shù)時(shí), n-1為偶數(shù)

導(dǎo)語在必修第一冊(cè)中,我們研究了函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,并利用函數(shù)單調(diào)性等知識(shí),定性的研究了一次函數(shù)、指數(shù)函數(shù)、對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)增長(zhǎng)速度的差異,知道“對(duì)數(shù)增長(zhǎng)” 是越來越慢的,“指數(shù)爆炸” 比“直線上升” 快得多,進(jìn)一步的能否精確定量的刻畫變化速度的快慢呢,下面我們就來研究這個(gè)問題。新知探究問題1 高臺(tái)跳水運(yùn)動(dòng)員的速度高臺(tái)跳水運(yùn)動(dòng)中,運(yùn)動(dòng)員在運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中的重心相對(duì)于水面的高度h(單位:m)與起跳后的時(shí)間t(單位:s)存在函數(shù)關(guān)系h(t)=-4.9t2+4.8t+11.如何描述用運(yùn)動(dòng)員從起跳到入水的過程中運(yùn)動(dòng)的快慢程度呢?直覺告訴我們,運(yùn)動(dòng)員從起跳到入水的過程中,在上升階段運(yùn)動(dòng)的越來越慢,在下降階段運(yùn)動(dòng)的越來越快,我們可以把整個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間段分成許多小段,用運(yùn)動(dòng)員在每段時(shí)間內(nèi)的平均速度v ?近似的描述它的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)。

新知探究前面我們研究了兩類變化率問題:一類是物理學(xué)中的問題,涉及平均速度和瞬時(shí)速度;另一類是幾何學(xué)中的問題,涉及割線斜率和切線斜率。這兩類問題來自不同的學(xué)科領(lǐng)域,但在解決問題時(shí),都采用了由“平均變化率”逼近“瞬時(shí)變化率”的思想方法;問題的答案也是一樣的表示形式。下面我們用上述思想方法研究更一般的問題。探究1: 對(duì)于函數(shù)y=f(x) ,設(shè)自變量x從x_0變化到x_0+ ?x ,相應(yīng)地,函數(shù)值y就從f(x_0)變化到f(〖x+x〗_0) 。這時(shí), x的變化量為?x,y的變化量為?y=f(x_0+?x)-f(x_0)我們把比值?y/?x,即?y/?x=(f(x_0+?x)-f(x_0)" " )/?x叫做函數(shù)從x_0到x_0+?x的平均變化率。1.導(dǎo)數(shù)的概念如果當(dāng)Δx→0時(shí),平均變化率ΔyΔx無限趨近于一個(gè)確定的值,即ΔyΔx有極限,則稱y=f (x)在x=x0處____,并把這個(gè)________叫做y=f (x)在x=x0處的導(dǎo)數(shù)(也稱為__________),記作f ′(x0)或________,即

情景導(dǎo)學(xué)古語云:“勤學(xué)如春起之苗,不見其增,日有所長(zhǎng)”如果對(duì)“春起之苗”每日用精密儀器度量,則每日的高度值按日期排在一起,可組成一個(gè)數(shù)列. 那么什么叫數(shù)列呢?二、問題探究1. 王芳從一歲到17歲,每年生日那天測(cè)量身高,將這些身高數(shù)據(jù)(單位:厘米)依次排成一列數(shù):75,87,96,103,110,116,120,128,138,145,153,158,160,162,163,165,168 ①記王芳第i歲的身高為 h_i ,那么h_1=75 , h_2=87, 〖"…" ,h〗_17=168.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)h_i中的i反映了身高按歲數(shù)從1到17的順序排列時(shí)的確定位置,即h_1=75 是排在第1位的數(shù),h_2=87是排在第2位的數(shù)〖"…" ,h〗_17 =168是排在第17位的數(shù),它們之間不能交換位置,所以①具有確定順序的一列數(shù)。2. 在兩河流域發(fā)掘的一塊泥板(編號(hào)K90,約生產(chǎn)于公元前7世紀(jì))上,有一列依次表示一個(gè)月中從第1天到第15天,每天月亮可見部分的數(shù):5,10,20,40,80,96,112,128,144,160,176,192,208,224,240. ②

1.對(duì)稱性與首末兩端“等距離”的兩個(gè)二項(xiàng)式系數(shù)相等,即C_n^m=C_n^(n"-" m).2.增減性與最大值 當(dāng)k(n+1)/2時(shí),C_n^k隨k的增加而減小.當(dāng)n是偶數(shù)時(shí),中間的一項(xiàng)C_n^(n/2)取得最大值;當(dāng)n是奇數(shù)時(shí),中間的兩項(xiàng)C_n^((n"-" 1)/2) 與C_n^((n+1)/2)相等,且同時(shí)取得最大值.探究2.已知(1+x)^n =C_n^0+C_n^1 x+...〖+C〗_n^k x^k+...+C_n^n x^n 3.各二項(xiàng)式系數(shù)的和C_n^0+C_n^1+C_n^2+…+C_n^n=2n.令x=1 得(1+1)^n=C_n^0+C_n^1 +...+C_n^n=2^n所以,(a+b)^n 的展開式的各二項(xiàng)式系數(shù)之和為2^n1. 在(a+b)8的展開式中,二項(xiàng)式系數(shù)最大的項(xiàng)為 ,在(a+b)9的展開式中,二項(xiàng)式系數(shù)最大的項(xiàng)為 . 解析:因?yàn)?a+b)8的展開式中有9項(xiàng),所以中間一項(xiàng)的二項(xiàng)式系數(shù)最大,該項(xiàng)為C_8^4a4b4=70a4b4.因?yàn)?a+b)9的展開式中有10項(xiàng),所以中間兩項(xiàng)的二項(xiàng)式系數(shù)最大,這兩項(xiàng)分別為C_9^4a5b4=126a5b4,C_9^5a4b5=126a4b5.答案:1.70a4b4 126a5b4與126a4b5 2. A=C_n^0+C_n^2+C_n^4+…與B=C_n^1+C_n^3+C_n^5+…的大小關(guān)系是( )A.A>B B.A=B C.A<B D.不確定 解析:∵(1+1)n=C_n^0+C_n^1+C_n^2+…+C_n^n=2n,(1-1)n=C_n^0-C_n^1+C_n^2-…+(-1)nC_n^n=0,∴C_n^0+C_n^2+C_n^4+…=C_n^1+C_n^3+C_n^5+…=2n-1,即A=B.答案:B

The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.

The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.

1. 這個(gè)寓言是一個(gè)關(guān)于一位國(guó)王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用這個(gè)故事讓讀者對(duì)于社區(qū)的問題負(fù)有個(gè)人責(zé)任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 這個(gè)故事十分成功的實(shí)現(xiàn)了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.

The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.

1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.

The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?

Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.

4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降調(diào)說Who,其意思是問,對(duì)方想讓誰在開場(chǎng)時(shí)致歡迎詞。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.

【參考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!

當(dāng)孩子們由父母陪同時(shí),他們才被允許進(jìn)入這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)。3.過去分詞(短語)作狀語時(shí)的幾種特殊情況(1)過去分詞(短語)在句中作時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步狀語時(shí),相當(dāng)于對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間、條件、原因及讓步狀語從句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.從山頂上看,整個(gè)城市看起來更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多給十分鐘,我們會(huì)完美地完成這項(xiàng)工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的話深深地感動(dòng),她滿眼淚花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.盡管被警告了風(fēng)暴的到來,但農(nóng)民們?nèi)栽谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)干活。(2)過去分詞(短語)在句中作伴隨、方式等狀語時(shí),可改為句子的并列謂語或改為并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟著兩個(gè)學(xué)生,老師走進(jìn)了房間。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母親陪著度過了一整個(gè)下午。

Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat

Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points

The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
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