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人教版新目標初中英語九年級上冊I like music that I can dance to說課稿8篇
2、 難點結(jié)合功能句進行聽力練習。確定目標的根據(jù)新課程標準規(guī)定，通過聽、說、讀、寫的訓(xùn)練，使學(xué)生獲得英語基礎(chǔ)知識和初步運用英語進行交際的能力，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習興趣，為進一步的學(xué)習打基礎(chǔ)。此外，根據(jù)我國國情及新課程標準的要求，現(xiàn)階段英語教學(xué)的素質(zhì)主要包括思想素質(zhì)教育，潛在英語能力的培養(yǎng)，非智力因素的培養(yǎng)等幾個方面。而我們班的學(xué)生本身英語基礎(chǔ)不太好，部分學(xué)生已經(jīng)對英語失去了信心，還有一部分學(xué)生覺得英語越來越難，漸漸力不從心了，不感興趣了，上課注意力也不集中了。針對這種情況，備課時要增加趣味性，以此來提高學(xué)生對英語的學(xué)習興趣。二、教法學(xué)法1、 教法：采取“任務(wù)型”教學(xué)法。教師根據(jù)本節(jié)課內(nèi)容，安排合適的任務(wù)，讓學(xué)生在完成任務(wù)的過程中達到本節(jié)課所擬定的目標。
人教版新目標初中英語九年級上冊How do you study for a test教案2篇
內(nèi)容提示本單元主要內(nèi)容是學(xué)會利用verb十by／with gerund表示方式方法來討論學(xué)習英語的策略，認識自己在學(xué)習方面的長處和不足。初步了解現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法?，F(xiàn)在完成時由助動詞have／has+動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成，主要表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在仍有影響或造成的后果，常與already，yet，just，ever，never等副詞連用。教學(xué)目標一、學(xué)習目標（Language Goal） 1. Talk about how to study . 學(xué)會討論各種學(xué)習方法和策略。2. Find out your suitable learning methods. 找出適合自己的學(xué)習方法。 二、語言結(jié)構(gòu)（Language Structures） 1. Verb + by with gerund by＋動名詞短語 表示“通過…途徑，方法” 2. How questions have引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句 三、目標語言（Target Language） 1. How do you study for tests ? 你是怎樣準備考試的？Well , I study by working with my classmates. 哦，我和同學(xué)們一起學(xué)習。2. Have you ever studied with a group ? 你曾經(jīng)參加過學(xué)習小組嗎？Yes , I have . I’ve learned a lot that way . 是的，參加過。通過這種方式我學(xué)了許多。
人教版新目標初中英語九年級上冊Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes教案2篇
Step 1 Greeting Greet the class and check the homeworkStep 2 A duty report The S on duty gives a report on the rules in his home and lead in 3a “Sun Fei’s and Wu Yu’s rules” Step 3 ReadingSs read the conversation and write the two girls’ rules in the chart. Check the answers.Get Ss to read after the tape and then read aloud by themselves. Then, T explains the language points.Step 4 Pairwork 3bRole play. Use the information in chart to practice with the conversation in 3a covered. They can look at the sample conversation in the right box.Step 5 Task 2 “Who’s the best reporter?”Make a survey by asking any 5 students the questions in the chart in activity 4. Then give out a report about it. See who is the best reporter? And the best reporter will get a nice ball-pen.Step 6 Summary and homework:Write out the report in your exercise-books.Period ThreeStep 1 Greeting and a duty reportThe S gives a duty report talking about his experience of being late for school. Lead in the question “Do you ever get to school late? How often do you get to school late? Always, usually, sometimes, or never?Step 2 1a Get Ss to finish writing.Step 3 Pairwork 1b Get Ss to talk about their answers with their partners using the sample conversation in the box on the right.Step 4 Listening practice2a Lead-in: What will happen if you get to school late? What about Peter? Let’s listen to a conversation between Peter and his father. Get Ss to finish 2a (As usual, for the first time, Ss only listen.) Check the answers.
人教版新目標初中英語九年級上冊It must belong to Carla教案
一、Section A該部分有4個模塊。第一模塊圍繞Whose volleyball is this? 這一話題展開思維（ 1a）、聽力（1b）、口語（ 1c）訓(xùn)練；第二模塊圍繞上一模塊中的話題進行聽力（ 2a-2b）、口語訓(xùn)練（ 2c）；第三模塊繼續(xù)圍繞前兩個模塊中的“making inferences”展開訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練形式為閱讀排序（ 3a）和兩人問答（3b）；第四模塊仍就上一話題展開討論。二、Section B該部分有4個模塊。第一模塊要求根據(jù)圖畫和所提供的單詞寫出合理的句子；第二模塊在聽力（ 2a-2b）和分角色口語訓(xùn)練（ 2c）的基礎(chǔ)上，繼續(xù)進行“推測”訓(xùn)練; 第三模塊圍繞“Strange events in Bell Tower neighborhood”這一話題展開閱讀（ 3a）和寫作（3b -3c）訓(xùn)練；第四模塊以dream為話題展開小組活動。三、Self Check該部分有3個模塊。第一模塊以填空形式對所學(xué)詞匯進行訓(xùn)練；第二模塊就8個諺語展開閱讀和討論。
人教版新目標初中英語九年級上冊Where would you like to visit教案2篇
The First PeriodⅠ．Teaching Aims and DemandsKnowledge Objects（1） Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site（2） Target LanguageWhere would you like to go on vacation?I’d like to trek through the jungle, because I like exciting vacations．2． Ability Objects（1）Train students to talk about places they would like to visit with the target language．（2）Train students to describe vacations with different adjectives．（3）Train students' listening skill．3． Moral Object,It′s more interesting to go on vacating somewhere instead of staying at home．Ⅱ． Teaching Key Points1． Key Vocabularytiring, educational, fascinating, thrilling, peaceful, exotic, trek, jungle, take it easy, explore, historic, site2． Target LanguageTalk about different places with the target language．Ⅲ． Teaching Difficult Points1． Describe vacations with different adjectives．2． Talk about different places with the target language．Ⅳ． Teaching Methods1． Teaching by illumination2． Teaching by doing chain drills3． Teaching by pairworkⅤ． Teaching Aids1． A tape recorder2． Some pictures of different places with famous views
人教版新目標初中英語八年級下冊If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time說課稿9篇
二、說教學(xué)目標：由于本單元的五個話題都涉及到了不同的條件下所產(chǎn)生的各種結(jié)果。所以我確定的本課時的教學(xué)目標是：通過談?wù)搱D片和身邊常見的話題，學(xué)會if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的用法。即用if條件狀語從句作出假設(shè)，用will來談?wù)摻Y(jié)果。三、說教學(xué)重點：一方面，由于本單元的話題是談?wù)摻Y(jié)果，那么在不同的情境下其結(jié)果也會不一樣，所以根據(jù)不同的情境來推測并談?wù)摳鞣N結(jié)果是個重點。另一方面，因為學(xué)生沒有一個好的語言氛圍，所以我側(cè)重于聽力和口語的培養(yǎng)，多創(chuàng)設(shè)情境能讓學(xué)生發(fā)揮想象，以此激發(fā)他們的學(xué)習興趣，。四、說教學(xué)難點學(xué)生容易記住主句用一般將來時態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，但在判斷主句、從句方面容易混淆，因此，我將正確使用主句從句的時態(tài)定為本課時的難點。
人教版新目標初中英語八年級下冊Will people have robots教案
Teaching goals:1.Words&phrases: robot, paper, less, fewer, simple, unpleasant, factory, seem, etc .2.will 構(gòu)成的一般將來時態(tài)的陳述句、否定句、疑問句及回答.3.There be 句型的一般將來時.4.more , less , fewer 的用法.5.學(xué)習一般將來時態(tài)的相關(guān)知識，學(xué)會對未來進行預(yù)測.6.對five years ago ,today ,in five years 簡潔回顧與展望的方式，貼近實際符合學(xué)生心理，激發(fā)學(xué)習興趣.7.通過時間對比復(fù)習一般過去時態(tài)、一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，鞏固一般將來時.Important and difficult points :1.will構(gòu)成一般將來時態(tài)的句式。2.There be 句型的一般將來時態(tài)。3.more , fewer , less 的用法。4.How to make predictions .Period 1Teaching procedures:Step 1 Leading in1.Greetings: Welcome to school .What’s the date today ? Who’s on duty today ?Do you enjoy your winter holiday ?Do you finish your homework ?Do you want to live on the moon ?Can you guess what will happen in ten years ?Collect the Ss’ answers and say something about their predictions .Step 2 Pre-taskSB Page 2 ,1a .1.Look at the picture :How will the world be different in the future ,100 years from now ?We’re going to talk about sth in 100 years .
人教版新目標初中英語七年級下冊Where is the post office教案2篇
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
人教版新目標初中英語八年級下冊What were you doing when the UFO arrived教案2篇
(一).知識方面: 1.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生能運用過去進行時來描述、談?wù)撨^去某個時間正在發(fā)生的事情或動作的意識和能力，能就過去某個時間正在發(fā)生的動作做出正確的描述。 2.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的想象力和角色扮演的合作能力。 3.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生講述過去發(fā)生的事情經(jīng)過的能力。能正確運用一般過去時來講述故事。 (二).技能方面: 1.本單元的語言目標是Talk about past events and tell a story（談?wù)撨^去的時間和講述一個故事），圍繞這一目標，要涉及句型： What were you doing when the UFO arrived? ----I was sitting in the barber’s chair. The barber was cutting my hair. 因此必須學(xué)習standing、studying、cleaning、sleeping、cooking、making、eating、cutting、等表示地點的詞，以便為上述句型提供語言材料。2.學(xué)習過去進行時的有關(guān)知識。Was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞，是該時態(tài)的表達式。 3.在學(xué)習過程中，要區(qū)分The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.和While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.這兩種由when和while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。注意它們的不同。
人教版新目標初中英語八年級下冊Would you mind turning down the music教案
Step 4. Group work (4)1. Ask a pair of students to read the dialogue. Say, This activity provides speaking, listening and writing practice using the target language.2. Ask students to complete the work in groups.3. Check the answers with the whole class. 4. Explain some of the language points. Step 5. Word review (Self check 1)1. Ask students to read the words and the phrases given. 2. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of these words to complete the sentences. 3. Check the answers with the whole class. Homework:Do activity 2 on page 57 after class. Period 6Teaching aims: 1. Teach vocabulary words and the useful expressions. 2. Enable the students to learn etiquette in different culture. 3. Help the students learn how to behave politely in public places and in daily life. Teaching procedures:Step 1. RevisionHelp students to review the function of making requests through a free talk. Then lead them to the topic of etiquette. Explain the meaning of etiquette. Or, ask students to look it up in the dictionary. Step 2. Pre-reading (Section 1)1. Ask students to read the picture and make a list with their partner about how many rules of etiquette can be seen being broken.
人教版新目標初中英語八年級下冊He said I was hard-working教案2篇
This activity introduces some new vocabulary and provide oral practice using the target language.Task 1 . Ask four students to stand in front of the class, and the teacher asks them the following questions as a reporter.1.What are you going to do when you grow up?2.What are you going to do next week?3.What are going to do after school?The students will give different answers, then ask a good student to report what they said.I am going to e a doctor.What did she say?----------She said she was going to be a doctor.I am going to have a party on Friday night.What did he say?-------He said he was going to have a party on Friday night.I am going to do my homework.What did she say ?------ She said she was going to do her homework.I am going home after school.What did she say?-----She said she was going home after school.Say In this unit we are going to learn to use words like to report what someone said.Task 2. Read the instructions. Then ask a student to read the four questions. And write the words on the Bb. Explain what soap opera is.Task 3. Ask the students to Look at the pictures, point out the TV screens in the picture. Ask one girl to read what Marcia said.What did Marcia say? She said She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night. Repeat the other pictures in the same way.Activity3. Listen and number the pictures in activity 1a.
人教版新目標初中英語七年級下冊I ’d like some noodles教案
教學(xué)過程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”
人教版新目標初中英語七年級下冊I want to be an actor教案2篇
三、教學(xué)建議第一課時：1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
人教版新目標初中英語八年級下冊What should I do教案2篇
說明：在幫Li Lei提建議的同時，教育學(xué)生如何學(xué)好英語。第三課時教學(xué)目標1. 語言目標：a) 詞匯: Original, in style, haircut, the same as.b) 語言結(jié)構(gòu):My friend wears the same clothes and has the same haircut as I do.2. 能力目標:大多數(shù)學(xué)生能夠談?wù)撟约合矚g哪種服裝，提高查找信息的能力。3. 情感目標:學(xué)會如何與朋友相處，要有自己對時尚的看法。教學(xué)重點掌握一些重要詞匯。教學(xué)難點學(xué)會談?wù)搯栴}，并能提出書面建議?！艚虒W(xué)突破首先針對Erin的問題，提出個人的建議，模仿2c部分的對話展開雙人交際Pair-work；聽老師誦讀3a部分的信件，并找出LEFT OUT的問題所在；學(xué)生完成3b部分的內(nèi)容，給Left Out提出書面的建議；學(xué)以口頭形式提出自己目前存在的某個問題，講給大家聽，讓同學(xué)們給自己提出一個建議，并作筆錄；學(xué)生兩、三個人分成一組，隨意性地進行口語交際，談?wù)揚14的第4部分的某個問題，相互交換意見。
人教版新目標初中英語九年級上冊Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes說課稿6篇
二、教材分析本課時主要是以聽和說的方式來談?wù)撘恍┘彝ズ蛯W(xué)校的“規(guī)矩和制度”,知道那些時可以做的，那些是不可以做的，讓學(xué)生先從口頭上了解這些規(guī)矩和制度，為后面的學(xué)習做好準備。三、教學(xué)的目的和要求1. 掌握短語be strict with sb.的用法，并介紹be strict in sth.的用法；2. 學(xué)生能夠根據(jù)所學(xué)的知識，了解用什么方式/句型來制定規(guī)章制度。3. 多聽，提高學(xué)生的習愿望，敦促學(xué)生開口說英語，用本課所學(xué)的知識來表達自己的意見。四、教學(xué)重點和難點1. 如何正確使用be allowed to do…這一句型（在不同時態(tài)中的被動語態(tài)運用）。2. 如何獲得聽力技巧及口語技能的提高。五、教學(xué)過程T—teacher S—studentS s—students Bb—blackboardStep 1 Warming up Check their homework first, and see if the Ss can make sentences by using the rules in 4, Section A. If possible, try to give some help.
人教版新目標初中英語九年級上冊It must belong to Carla說課稿5篇
二、教學(xué)目標： 1. 知識目標：要求學(xué)生掌握使用表示猜測的情態(tài)動詞。2. 能力目標：讓學(xué)生做課堂的主人，同時培養(yǎng)他們掌握一些行之有效的學(xué)習方法,優(yōu)化學(xué)習效果。3. 情感目標：讓學(xué)生愛上英語課堂活動,鼓勵他們在課堂上進行合作交流。4.學(xué)習策略目標：設(shè)法使學(xué)生掌握使用英語進行交流，學(xué)習積極參與班級活動.三、教學(xué)分析：1. 說教法：1)任務(wù)型教學(xué)法：給學(xué)生三項任務(wù)， 讓學(xué)生使用這些情態(tài)動詞來完成這些任務(wù)。使他們在任務(wù)中學(xué)習英語。2)情景教學(xué)法：創(chuàng)造足夠的交際環(huán)境刺激學(xué)生的視聽能力,使他們能夠更好的理解這些情態(tài)動詞。以培養(yǎng)他們的聽和會話能力。3)交易際教學(xué)法：學(xué)生可以通過倆倆對話或小組對話來掌握這些情態(tài)動詞。2. 說學(xué)法：1)學(xué)生要善于把握機會,用英語進行溝通，大膽實踐。
人教版新目標初中英語九年級上冊What would you do說課稿7篇
Get students to complete the activity in groups of four. As the groups work together, move around the room to make sure students discuss the topic in English and know how to fill in the chart.Check the answers by asking different pairs of students to say their conversations to the class.Answers will vary.Optional activityAsk, What would you do if there were no classes tomorrow? Ask students to write as many answers as they can. Then get students to work in pairs. One ask the other the question and see how many new answers the other is able to think of.Step Ⅴ SummarySay, In this class, we've done a lot of reading, speaking and writing practice using the target language.Step Ⅵ Homework(1) Review the target language by reading the conversations in Activity 3a.(2) Finish off the exercises on pages 11~12 of the workbook.Step Ⅶ Blackboard DesignWhat would you do?Section AThe Third PeriodTarget language:A: I can't sleep the night before an exam. Then I'm too tired to do well. What should I do?B: If I were you, I'd take a long walk before going to bed. That should help you relax.A: I really want a dog, but my parents won't let me have one.B: Well, dogs can be a lot of trouble. Maybe you should get a small pet, like a goldfish.A: That's a good idea.
人教版新目標初中英語九年級上冊How do you study for a test說課稿8篇
教學(xué)反思：這是學(xué)生升入初三的第一節(jié)課，學(xué)生學(xué)習熱情很高，通過這一課時的學(xué)習，學(xué)生掌握了語言目標中所要求的知識重點、難點和語言技能，如by dong, practicing doing ,too……to，現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，動名詞短語做主語及提建議的幾種方式，但是有部分學(xué)生由于基礎(chǔ)較差，還需要從培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習興趣入手，真正實現(xiàn)教育面向全體學(xué)生。在教學(xué)中采取的具體辦法由：個別輔導(dǎo)，互助學(xué)習，留不同層次夫人作業(yè)，爭取讓每一位學(xué)生都吃飽而不掉隊。How do you study for a test?Two periodsSection BGoals●To listen about learning English●To talk about learning English●To read about learning EnglishProceduresWarming up by reading to the recordingHello, everyone. To begin with, let’s listen and read to the recording of the text HOW DO YOU LEARN BEST? That is, read aloud to the tape, as fast as the tape goes, as clearly as the native reader reads. OK? Here we go!My cat speaks English. Sometimes my cat comes to me and tells me that she is hungry. Or that her leg hurts. How does my cat tell me these things? I don't speak pussy-cat language.1a Reading and checkingLearning English can be both easy and difficult. What things are easy for you? And what things are difficult for you? Now turn to page 5, read the list on the top and check √the statements that are true for you.1b Making a listYou have read and checked the statements true for you. Now think and make a list of other things difficult for you, too.
人教版新目標初中英語八年級上冊Could you please clean your room教案3篇
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容Section A 1a----1c二、 教學(xué)目標1.學(xué)習詞匯do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, sweep the floor, clean the living room.2.句型 Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.三、 教學(xué)準備 學(xué)生預(yù)習本單元所有的詞匯多媒體課件 活動表 獎品四、 教學(xué)過程Pre-task1. Warming upEnjoy ourselves. Watch cartoon Cinderella. 看動畫片段《灰姑娘》導(dǎo)如入本課話題和新詞匯“chores”美麗善良的鬼姑娘因繼母的嫉妒，每天得做所有的家務(wù)。片段的主題使學(xué)生聯(lián)想到本課的話題。2. learn new words and phrasesLook! What is she / he dong? 看圖學(xué)習動詞詞組do chores, do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, clean the living room.3. Guessing game.What is she doing ? 4. Pair work. 1a, Do you do these things at home? Write “Y” for “yes” and “N” for “no”.5. Listening . 1b , Peter’s chores or Mom’s chores?理解目標語Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.Write “M” for Mom’s chores, “P” for Peter’s chores in the chart.6. PairworkLook at the picture,Ask your partner to do the chores that you see. 7. Interview Who is the most able at home? 1) What chores do you do at home? How often do you do the chores? Work in four, interview each of the students in the group, fill in the chart.
人教版新目標初中英語八年級下冊Would you mind turning down the music說課稿8篇
一.教材分析： １、教材的地位及作用：新目標英語八年級下冊，第七單元第一課時，本單元主要是運用Would you mind doing…?這個句型來提出客氣的請求,并能作出相應(yīng)的回答,本節(jié)課主要復(fù)習一些短語,及兩個表禮貌請求的句型并學(xué)習Would you mind…?的用法,并能運用它們進行對話練習,提出委婉的請求。２、教學(xué)目標：（知識目標、能力目標、情感目標)知識目標：(１)學(xué)習詞匯：mind ，yard，dish，turn down，right away，in a minute，not at all(２)掌握句子：Would you mind doing…?Could you please do sth ？Would you like to do sth ？No，not at all./Certainly not./Of course not.能力目標：提高學(xué)生聽、說、讀、寫及知識自學(xué)的綜合能力。情感目標：通過形象、生動的教學(xué)使學(xué)生掌握如何向他人提出有禮貌的請求,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在日常生活中禮貌待人。學(xué)習策略目標：自主學(xué)習及小組合作探究，善于抓住語言交際的機會。
