
學生回答:推動社會發(fā)展的矛盾是:生產力和生產關系的矛盾,經濟基礎和上層建筑的矛盾。問題:你知道人類社會存在和發(fā)展的基礎嗎?學生回答,步步深入。社會發(fā)展的規(guī)律是生產關系一定要適合生產力發(fā)展的規(guī)律,上層建筑一定要適合經濟基礎狀況的規(guī)律。你是如何理解這兩個規(guī)律的?請舉例說明。那么你是如何理解這一規(guī)律的,請舉例說明學生閱讀教材第二目,并舉例說明。培養(yǎng)學生自我學習能力。教師歸納:總結生產力和生產關系、經濟基礎和上層建筑的辯證關系原理。過渡:我們掌握了社會發(fā)展的規(guī)律,那么同學們來說一下,社會發(fā)展呈什么趨勢?這一趨勢怎么實現的?社會矛盾的解決方式有幾種,為什么會有這么的區(qū)別,我們國家的矛盾解決靠什么方式來完成?學生閱讀教材第三目,學生分組合作探究,交流發(fā)言。設計意圖:提升推導能力,引導深化認識。教師歸納總結:社會歷史發(fā)展的總趨勢是前進的、上升的,發(fā)展的過程是曲折的。

本節(jié)課我分成兩個課時A首先我會在在ppt上放幾張關于區(qū)域的圖,讓學生思考什么是區(qū)域,區(qū)域有什么特征。其次我會在在書上畫出區(qū)域的定義,在給與解釋說明,再在書上畫出區(qū)域的四個特征,讓同學小組討論哪些區(qū)域是有界的,哪些區(qū)域是無界的,從而加深同學們對區(qū)域的理解。B在ppt上放出長江三角洲和松嫩平原,不同風土人情由此導入下一個知識點:不同區(qū)域由于地理環(huán)境的差異,人們的生產特點有許多的不同,發(fā)展方式也存在差異,然后讓學生思考長江三角洲和松嫩平原有什么差異,各自給區(qū)域環(huán)境發(fā)展帶來什么影響,啟發(fā)學生從氣候等方向思考,然后用表格的方式給不同因素歸類(歸位自然和社會經濟兩大類)再啟發(fā)同學們從兩大類分別討論對農業(yè)與工業(yè)發(fā)展的影響,最后再用表格的形式分類表達C然后給同學們幾個問題,鞏固同學課堂所學,最后留下一個問題課后解決:除了今天講的因素外還有哪些因素對區(qū)域發(fā)展產生影響?

【情感態(tài)度及價值觀】 通過創(chuàng)設探究情境,展示典型顯示案例激發(fā)思考,與學生共同感受當前區(qū)域經濟一體化與經濟全球化浪潮的沖擊,以及當前我國、我省發(fā)展的機遇、成就和危機,培養(yǎng)學生的時代感和使命感。五、重點難點【重點】1、產業(yè)轉移的影響因素2、產業(yè)轉移對區(qū)域地理環(huán)境的影響【難點】1、如何從圖文材料中分析出影響產業(yè)轉移的主要因素2、產業(yè)轉移對產業(yè)遷出區(qū)和移入區(qū)的不同影響六、教學方法1、材料分析法。提供分層次的問題與材料,并進行方法指導,學生通過思考和討論自行分析發(fā)現知識、構建知識。使不同層次的學生均有發(fā)展。這是本節(jié)設計主要采用的教學方法。2、合作探究法3、多媒體教學法七、 教學過程(一) 引入 :假如某同學買彩票中大獎,想投資生產面臨幾項選擇1、投資高端智能手機制造還是普通服裝廠?2、廠址選擇在濮陽市還是南樂縣?

師我國河流眾多,長江流域、黃河流域、珠江流域等正在繼續(xù)開發(fā),出示“長江流域示意圖”,請同學們借鑒今天所學的分析方法,分析長江流域發(fā)展的自然地理條件。(學生相互交流、討論)生略。師長江干流全長6300余千米,發(fā)源于青藏高原,流經青、藏、滇、川、渝、鄂、湘、贛、皖、蘇、滬,奔入東海。水域遼闊,總面積達180萬平方千米,流經我國半壁河山。水量汪洋壯闊,多年平均入海近10000億立方米。流域內總人口、耕地各約占全國的35%,工農業(yè)總產值占全國的40%~50%,歷來是中華民族繁衍的沃土。流域經過我國三大階梯,流經青藏高原、橫斷山脈、四川盆地、云貴高原、長江中下游平原等地形區(qū)。流域內水系發(fā)達、眾多,以亞熱帶季風氣候為主,氣候溫暖濕潤,降水量豐富,河流水量大,水能資源、森林資源、礦產資源豐富,長江干流自古以來就是我國東西航運的大動脈,溝通內地和沿海的廣大地區(qū),干支流通航里程約占全國內河航道總里程的2/3,形成了一個縱橫廣闊的水運網,被譽為“黃金水道”。

指導學生閱讀圖3.8,讓同學們討論山西省三類工業(yè)發(fā)展變化的情況??梢钥闯觯删驑I(yè)占工業(yè)增加值的比重在1985~1995年間有所上升,但在1995~2000年下降,且下降速度很快。原料工業(yè)始終在增加,且有越來越快的趨勢。加工工業(yè)1985~1995年間比重下降,到2000年幾乎停滯不前。這說明山西省雖然實現了產業(yè)結構的升級,但還是限于初級加工階段,工業(yè)發(fā)展水平還不高。山西省只是一個能源大省,并不是一個工業(yè)大省,更不是經濟強省,山西省的改革還有很長的路要走。(參考資料)《急需調整產業(yè)結構的山西經濟》(山西日報1999年11月25日)山西能源的綜合利用是一個正在發(fā)展完善的過程,教學中教師可以結合目前存在的一些問題和困境展開討論,引導學生深入探究。(例如屢屢發(fā)生的礦難,以及背后隱藏的“官煤勾結”問題,這些都是目前各種媒體關注的焦點,相關的新聞報道,教師在課前應該專門搜集一些,或者讓有條件上網的學生自己去搜集,使得課堂教學更加貼近現實生活。)

(設計意圖: 通過這兩個問題探究的形式可以了解學生對二、干旱為主的自然特征這一知識點的掌握情況,隨堂練習有利于鞏固強化學生的條例性知識。)三、荒漠化的成因1、自然因素:干旱、氣候異常2、人為因素:(是荒漠化發(fā)生、發(fā)展的決定因素)自然原因啟發(fā)學生利用已經學過的知識(干旱為主的自然特征)和給出的PPT資料來進行分析。人為原因以其危害結果用圖表和圖片的形式展示,使學生認識到人為因素是導致荒漠化最主要的因素。(設計意圖:通過分析自然因素提供學生分析一區(qū)域環(huán)境建設的自然基礎條件,而這也是較難的一點,再者,通過分析人為原因,是學生樹立區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境保護意識。)四、布置作業(yè):書本課本20—22的活動—— 非洲薩赫勒地區(qū)荒漠化的自然、社會經濟

2.人工智能、信息及其對意識論的深化現代科學的發(fā)展,特別是以信息論、控制論、電子計算機科學和腦科學相結合為理論基礎的人工智能技術的發(fā)展,進一步證明了辯證唯物主義關于物質和意識的相互關系的原理,也給這種現代唯物主義提出了需要深入探索和解釋的許多哲學問題。在這些問題之中,人工智能和信息尤為重要。人工智能是相對于人的自然智能而言的。所謂自然智能,是指人所特有的自覺的意識能力,特別是抽象思維能力。由于這種能力是人的一種天賦,所以將其稱為人的自然智能。所謂人工智能,則指憑借電子計算機所實現的對人的某些智能的模擬,通過這種思維模擬,使人的某些智能得以再現和放大。自從電子計算機在20世紀中期問世以來,其作用越來越廣泛,模擬功能越來越強,更新換代越來越快,對生產和社會生活的影響也越來越大。自50年代中期開始,人工智能便以計算機作為主要的支持手段,逐漸發(fā)展成為一門新興的科學技術。

【導入新課】2005年10月17日凌晨,5天前從酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心起航的“神舟”六號飛船,在平安飛行115個小時32分后重返神州,緩緩降落在內蒙古四子王旗主著陸場的草地上。我國首次真正意義上有人參與的空間飛行試驗取得圓滿成功。 當費俊龍和聶海勝先后自主出艙,面帶勝利的微笑,現場參試人員歡呼雀躍,億萬中華兒女為之自豪,幸福寫在每個人的臉上。神六飛行是一次非常完美的飛行任務,又一次讓載人航天精神“從地面升到天空,從天空安全返回”。偉大的事業(yè)孕育偉大的精神。新一代航天人在攀登科技高峰的偉大征程中,以特有的崇高境界、頑強意志和杰出智慧,鑄就了載人航天精神,這就是特別能吃苦、特別能戰(zhàn)斗、特別能攻關、特別能奉獻的精神?!舅伎加懻摗俊皞ゴ蟮氖聵I(yè)孕育偉大的精神”體現怎樣的哲學道理?我國為什么要提倡發(fā)揚“特別能吃苦、特別能戰(zhàn)斗、特別能攻關、特別能奉獻”的載人航天精神?(人具有主觀能動性)

Step 2 Listening and Talking1. The teacher is advised to talk with their new students about the related topic: Boys and girls, do you know some structures to talk about future activities? Talking about future activitiesWe’ll …I plan to …There’ll be …I hope to …We’re going to …2. After their small talk, the teacher can move on by playing the listening and solve the following task.Underline the expressions in the sentences below Cao Jing and Max use to talk about the future.We’ll learn useful skills.I plan to improve my spoken English.There’ll be students from different schools.I hope to make new friends.We’ll talk about teenage life.I’ll learn to make a fire.There’ll be students from different countries at the camp.There’ll be some experts there to show us how to live in the wild.We’re going to learn about wildlife.I’m going to give a speech.I think I’m going to enjoy the activities.I think we’ll have a lot of fun.3. Work in groups. Plan a youth camp.Teacher make the Ss think of ideas for the camp. And they can use the questions below to get started. And have the Ss present their ideas for a youth camp to the class.●What kind of camp is it?●Who will be there?●What will they do?●What will they learn?

3.法律制度走向健全關于法律制度走向健全的歷史條件,可指導學生閱讀教材相關段落,教師適當補充說明,得出結論:提出法制建設方針并著手平反冤假錯案,這是恢復和加強民主法制建設的重要舉措。為全面開展法制建設準備了政治基礎。關于法制建設方針的提出,可由教師補充材料,使學生理解加強法制建設的必要性,如:鄧小平會見意大利記者奧琳埃娜?法拉奇(1980年8月)“奧:我看不出怎樣才能避免或防止再發(fā)生諸如“文化大革命”這樣可怕的事情。”“鄧:這要從制度方面解決問題。我們過去的一些制度,實際上受了封建主義的影響,包括個人迷信、家長制或家長作風,甚至包括干部職務終身制。我們現在正在研究避免重復這種現象,準備從改革制度著手。我們這個國家有幾千年封建社會的歷史,缺乏社會主義的民主和社會主義的法制。現在我們要認真建立社會主義的民主制度和社會主義法制。只有這樣,才能解決問題。”

這三大措施是美國在冷戰(zhàn)初期的核心內容,是為了實現美國的霸權政策而提出。它們體現了美國充分利用了意識形態(tài)差異的來其實現其全球霸權的意圖。把握住這些核心內容將有助于掌握二戰(zhàn)后的國際形勢的發(fā)展。教學難點:兩極格局對二戰(zhàn)后國際關系發(fā)展的影響二戰(zhàn)改變國際的主要政治力量,隨著國家利益和意識形態(tài)沖突,美蘇兩大國由合作走向分裂,逐步形成了戰(zhàn)后的兩極格局。在此政治格局之下,避免了新的世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā),世界相對穩(wěn)定,但兩強相爭,又使得世界長期不得安寧。美蘇之間的關系影響到了其他各種關系的發(fā)展,認清此格局的影響對于認識當時和今天的國際關系具有重大的意義。三、教學內容安排(1學時)第一目“從盟友到對手”教學要點:雅爾塔體系的確立;戰(zhàn)后初期的形勢;杜魯門主義的提出。第二目“美蘇‘冷戰(zhàn)’”教學要點:馬歇爾計劃與經濟互助委員會;北約與華約兩大軍事政治集團的對峙。第三目“‘冷戰(zhàn)’陰影下的國際關系”

一、 教學目標 (一)知識與能力通過了解多極化趨勢和對世界的影響、歐盟的形成和擴展、日本成為經濟大國的過程和原因、中國和第三世界的崛起等基本史實,培養(yǎng)學生綜合探究和歸納知識的能力(二)過程與方法以合作學習的“創(chuàng)設情境—目標顯示—自學嘗試—合作學習—成果匯報—總結評價”模式為主線,以學生自主探究活動為主體,以教師點撥為主導,以培養(yǎng)學生學習的興趣和能力為中心,來優(yōu)化課堂教學。教師創(chuàng)設重大國際事件的情境,讓學生親自探索各個主要國家對朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭和伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭立場和態(tài)度的決策,培養(yǎng)學生解讀歷史信息能力,并能夠根據自身的實際情況和外部環(huán)境,正確應對重大事件。 (三)情感態(tài)度與價值觀提高學生對二戰(zhàn)后美蘇兩極以外的各種政治經濟力量增長的認識,初步理解世界多極化趨勢的形成及影響,樹立世界走向多極化是不可阻擋的歷史潮流的價值判斷標準。

1、知識與能力:(1)識記:20 世紀 50 ~70 年代國家干預經濟的政策、 70年代的經濟“滯脹”“混合經濟”;福利國家;第三產業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展;“新經濟”的出現;(2)理解當代資本主義的新變化的實質是資本主義的自我揚棄,是在資本主義內部的自我改善,是資本主義生產關系的自我調整;(3)掌握以美國為代表的主要資本主義國家在戰(zhàn)后的經濟發(fā)展歷程,分析各國經濟發(fā)展的共同原因。2、過程與方法:(1)引導學生利用教材和相關史料,培養(yǎng)歸納、再現歷史事件的能力,提高學生的歷史思維能力;通過討論提高學生的思辨能力,培養(yǎng)學生全面客觀地分析問題的思維方式。(2)學生通過觀察1977年發(fā)達國家國有經濟比重表,懂得提取有效信息、分析數據的能力;(3)學生通過思考討論西方福利制度的利弊,培養(yǎng)全面、客觀分析和比較歷史現象,辯證地觀察和分析歷史問題的能力。

Finally, after finishing the task above, the teacher is expected to instruct students to work in groups to finish the following project:Speaking ProjectWhat event or activity would you like to invite your friend to? Make a conversation with a partner.Ski Race: Zhangjiakou, a beautiful city in northern China, will host the Youth Ski Race in December.Track Meet: a great event for track –and –field lovers on 26 October.Gym Class: come and work out at a gym! You can make it.Part 2: Listening and Talking:The teacher is advised to talk with their new students about the related topic: Boys and girls , what do you think of sportsmanship? Let’s listen and find out:Play the listening and match each opinion with the right speaker. Who do you agree with? Why?Cao Jing _____________ Lily _____________ Max _____________A. An athlete should do his/her best to win.B. The girl should stop and help the other girl. Good sportsmanship is more important than wining!C. An athlete should think about honor and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.Listen again and circle the expressions that you hear in the conversation.

【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: tag questions.This period carries a considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ spoken English. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercise of good quality.【教學目標與核心素養(yǎng)】1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of tag questions.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Develop students’ speaking and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.【教學重難點】1. How to enable students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of tag questions.2. How to enable students to use the basic usages of tag questions flexibly.【教學過程】Step1: 語法自主探究一、基本組成方法1.肯定式陳述部分+否定附加疑問部分(前肯后否) You often play badminton, don’t you? 你經常打羽毛球,是嗎?You are going to the gym with me, aren’t you?你要和我一起去健身房,是嗎?She’s been to shanghai before, hasn’t she? 她以前去過上海,是嗎?2.否定式陳述部分+肯定附加疑問部分(前否后肯) It isn't a beautiful flower, is it? 那不是美麗的花,是嗎?You didn't go skating yesterday, did you? 你昨天沒去滑冰,是嗎?They can’t finish it by Friday, can they?他們不能在星期五之前完成,是嗎?

4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative動詞-ing形式作表語,它通常位于系動詞后面,用以說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”一種表示主語的特質、特征和狀態(tài), 其作用相當于形容詞; 另一種具體說明主語的內容, 即主語等同于表語, 兩者可互換。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他們演奏的音樂聽起來令人激動。The result is disappointing. 結果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing

The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.

The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.

Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.

The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
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