
欄目三:旭日東升 陳獨秀1902年赴日本東京高等師范學(xué)校留學(xué) 1907年赴法國考察研究蔡元培1902年赴日本考察 1907年赴德國訪問 1912年赴德國菜比錫大學(xué)留學(xué)胡適1910年赴美國留學(xué)李大釗1913年入日本早稻田大學(xué)攻讀政治經(jīng)濟學(xué)魯迅1902年留學(xué)日本(3)根據(jù)欄目三的材料,表格中人物為什么會成為新文化運動的領(lǐng)袖?概括他們在中國近代化進程中的作用.

【文明的借鑒】材料二 由于日本有向偉大的中國文化世界借用某些東西的悠久傳統(tǒng),因而,19世紀在同樣地借用西方世界的東西時,發(fā)生的沖突較少、痛苦較小,過去,日本以“日本精神,中國知識”為口號,適應(yīng)了經(jīng)過挑選的中國文化的某些方面,現(xiàn)在,日本又以“東方道德、西方技藝”為口號,向西方借用了它所盼望的東西.﹣﹣【美】斯塔夫阿諾斯《全球通史》(北京大學(xué)出版社)(2)材料二評述了日本借用東西方文明的哪兩件大事?

材料一:法令規(guī)定農(nóng)奴不能有人身自由,地主不得買賣農(nóng)奴,不得干涉他們的婚姻和家庭生活;農(nóng)奴有占有動產(chǎn)和不動產(chǎn)、從事工商業(yè)活動等權(quán)利;農(nóng)奴解放時,可從地主那里贖買一塊份地.從法令頒布到1866年,俄羅斯地區(qū)先后有2000多萬農(nóng)奴獲得解放.--摘自川教版《世界歷史》九年級上冊(1)材料一中的法令指的是什么?這一法令使俄國有了怎樣的發(fā)展? 材料二 19世紀70年代處,發(fā)電機、電動機被發(fā)明出來,電力成了帶動及其生產(chǎn)的新能源.隨之電燈、電車、電鉆等眾多的電氣產(chǎn)品也先后問世.在遠距離傳輸電力的方法解決以后,電力得到了廣泛應(yīng)用,電動機逐漸取代了蒸汽機.--摘自川教版《世界歷史》九年級上冊(2)材料為反映人類跨入了什么時代?其標志是什么?

材料二經(jīng)過春秋戰(zhàn)國時期的諸侯爭霸,到秦朝統(tǒng)一多民族國家的形成,以皇權(quán)為中心的中央集權(quán)制度建立起來.歷經(jīng)漢魏至明清,皇帝與宰相之間的權(quán)勢此消彼長,中央與地方爭權(quán)斗爭接連不斷,最終皇權(quán)不斷強化,中央集權(quán)逐漸得到鞏固.中央集權(quán)制度作為古代中國政治制度的突出特色,對中國歷史產(chǎn)生了深淵影響.中國統(tǒng)一多民族國家的形成與發(fā)展,官僚政治與行政管理以至文化教育傳統(tǒng),無不與此有著密切的關(guān)系.﹣﹣摘編自人教版歷史必修①(1)材料一中的示意圖一、二分別反映了我國古代哪個朝代的專制主義中央集權(quán)制度?(2)根據(jù)材料二并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識,指出我國古代專制主義中央集權(quán)制度的發(fā)展趨勢.(3)下列是王明同學(xué)正在制作額“我國古代專制主義中央集權(quán)制度的評價”表格,請不補充表格中的部分論據(jù).并指出王明同學(xué)評價我國古代專制主義中央集權(quán)制度的方法.

材料一 中國代表在和會上要求收回大戰(zhàn)期間被日本侵占的德國在山東的一切權(quán)益,和會竟不顧中國的反對和抗議,決定把德國在山東的一切非法權(quán)益移交給日本,這激起了中國人民的無比憤怒。﹣﹣岳麓版(九下)歷史教科書(1)材料一中“和會”指的是哪次國際會議?“這激起了中國人民的無比憤怒”引發(fā)的愛國運動是什么?

21.“封侯非我意,但愿海波平”是明朝抗倭英雄戚繼光的豪邁詩句。22.三大戰(zhàn)役中,解放華北全境的戰(zhàn)役是遼沈戰(zhàn)役。23. 1997年7月1日,香港順利回歸祖國。24.日本的大化改新,標志著日本從奴隸社會開始向封建社會過渡。25.殖民擴張和掠奪是英國最早成為資本主義工業(yè)強國的重要條件之一。26.1861年,沙俄政府在廢除農(nóng)奴制的法令中規(guī)定,農(nóng)奴在獲得“解放”時,可以無償?shù)玫揭粔K土地。27.薩拉熱窩事件是第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的導(dǎo)火線。28. 1942年1月,美、英、蘇、中等26個國家在華盛頓簽署了《聯(lián)合國家宣言》,標志著世界反法西斯同盟正式建立。29.湘南起義的主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人是朱德、陳毅。30.湖南的地方劇種豐富多彩,有湘劇、花鼓戲、祁劇、豫劇等。

觀滄海曹操東臨碣石,以觀滄海。水何澹澹,山島竦峙。樹木叢生,百草豐茂。秋風(fēng)蕭瑟,洪波涌起。日月之行,若出其中;星漢燦爛,若出其里。幸甚至哉,歌以詠志。

失掉了他信力,就會疑,一個轉(zhuǎn)身,也許能夠只相信了自己,倒是一條新生路,但不幸的是逐漸玄虛起來了。信"地"和"物",還是切實的東西,國聯(lián)就渺茫,不過這還可以令人不久就省悟到依賴它的不可靠。一到求神拜佛,可就玄虛之至了,有益或是有害,一時就找不出分明的結(jié)果來,它可以令人更長久的麻醉著自己。

讀書不能死章句,需要思考一個“活”字。李白在《嘲魯儒》中說:“魯叟談五經(jīng),白發(fā)死章句。問以經(jīng)濟策,茫如墜煙霧?!痹娙藢δ切┛淇淦湔劧鴽]有真才實學(xué)的“魯叟”進行了辛辣的嘲諷。這些人談起五經(jīng)頭頭是道,問起經(jīng)世濟民之策卻茫然無知。他們拿腔拿調(diào),架子十足,卻死于章句,不知時變。陸游《冬夜讀書示子聿》中的觀點,則更加值得那些“魯叟”們深思。他說“紙上得來終覺淺,絕知此事要躬行”,言詞樸素,滿含哲理,詩中提出的理論與實踐相結(jié)合的觀點,至今猶有現(xiàn)實意義。只有在實踐中才能得真知、悟真諦,真正學(xué)有所獲,學(xué)有所用。

YangHongwei, 56, was born into a kite-making family in Weifang. When she was young,she often saw kites with bright colors and different shapes in hergrandfather’s workshop.

Long ago, a poor old couple lived on the coast.One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave him ameal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉機)and said, “Say, ‘Mill, please grind (磨粉)’,”

Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mudfrom the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, andthe key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toyinto anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult partto make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. Whilecoloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) thatcarry good meanings. It’s hard to make taipingnijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.

In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (樹干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.

Thinking that her dream could never come true,Kelly was in low spirits and ____18____ her studies at school. Hermother did all she could to cheer her up, ____19____ Kelly refused tochange. She even took out all her anger and ____20____ on her mother.

During 1907-1909, British explorer EarnestShackleton explored Antarctica on foot. In 1911, two explorers—a British mannamed Scott and a Norwegian named Amundsen—raced 1, 400 kilometres to the SouthPole (南極).Amundsen arrived first.

As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and hewanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water nearNorth Pole(北極)todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers(融化的冰川).

When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣賞) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).

Michelle,a famous lady, has found that more than 25% students are too fat in hercountry. It is a very serious problem. So she starts a Health Program to dealwith it. The Health Program is to reduce the number of fat students today andin the future.

“Her daughter passed away a few days ago. Now,she can’t do the same things she used to do with her daughter. She doesn’t knowwhat to do. Even little things like making dinner and cleaning the house areharder for her to do now. Maybe you can think of a way to help her,” her mothersaid.

For a long time, I guarded the garden of peaceand quiet. When the children followed me into the garden, I would expect themto be out of sight (視野). And I would hand out tasks.
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