-
人教版高中歷史必修2第二次工業(yè)革命說課稿2篇
②內(nèi)燃機(jī)的發(fā)明推動(dòng)了交通運(yùn)輸領(lǐng)域的革新。19世紀(jì)末，新型的交通工具——汽車出現(xiàn)了。1885年，德國(guó)人卡爾·本茨成功地制成了第一輛用汽油內(nèi)燃機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的汽車。1896年，美國(guó)人亨利·福特制造出他的第一輛四輪汽車。與此同時(shí)，許多國(guó)家都開始建立汽車工業(yè)。隨后，以內(nèi)燃機(jī)為動(dòng)力的內(nèi)燃機(jī)車、遠(yuǎn)洋輪船、飛機(jī)等也不斷涌現(xiàn)出來。1903年，美國(guó)人萊特兄弟制造的飛機(jī)試飛成功，實(shí)現(xiàn)了人類翱翔天空的夢(mèng)想，預(yù)告了交通運(yùn)輸新紀(jì)元的到來。③內(nèi)燃機(jī)的發(fā)明推動(dòng)了石油開采業(yè)的發(fā)展和石油化學(xué)工業(yè)的產(chǎn)生。石油也像電力一樣成為一種極為重要的新能源。1870年，全世界開采的石油只有80萬(wàn)噸，到1900年猛增至2 000萬(wàn)噸。（3）化學(xué)工業(yè)的發(fā)展：①無(wú)機(jī)化學(xué)工業(yè)：用化學(xué)反應(yīng)的方式開始從煤焦油中提煉氨、笨、等，用化學(xué)合成的方式，美國(guó)人發(fā)明了塑料，法國(guó)人發(fā)明了纖維，瑞典人發(fā)明了炸藥等。
人教版高中歷史必修2第一次工業(yè)革命說課稿2篇
3、工業(yè)革命引起社會(huì)關(guān)系變化——形成兩大對(duì)立的工業(yè)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)和無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)工業(yè)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)和工業(yè)無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)成為社會(huì)的兩大階級(jí)。工業(yè)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)獲得更多的政治權(quán)利，各國(guó)通過改革，鞏固了資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的統(tǒng)治。 4、工業(yè)革命推動(dòng)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)調(diào)整內(nèi)外政策——自由主義與殖民擴(kuò)張對(duì)內(nèi)，希望進(jìn)一步擺脫封建束縛，要求自由經(jīng)營(yíng)、自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和自由貿(mào)易。重商主義被自由放任政策所取代。對(duì)外，加快了殖民擴(kuò)張和殖民掠奪的步伐。三、世界市場(chǎng)的基本形成1、原因條件（1）工業(yè)革命的展開使世界貿(mào)易的范圍和規(guī)模迅速擴(kuò)大1840年前后，英國(guó)的大機(jī)器工業(yè)基本上取代了工場(chǎng)手工業(yè)，率先完成了工業(yè)革命，成為世界上第一個(gè)工業(yè)國(guó)家。之后，法國(guó)和美國(guó)等國(guó)也相繼完成工業(yè)革命。隨著工業(yè)革命的展開，資產(chǎn)階級(jí)竭力在全世界拓展市場(chǎng)，搶占原料產(chǎn)地，使世界貿(mào)易的范圍和規(guī)模迅速擴(kuò)大。
人教版高中語(yǔ)文必修3《杜甫詩(shī)三首 秋興八首》說課稿2篇
師：“兩開”是什么意思?。孔⒔饫锸窃趺凑f的？第二次開，也就說他在這個(gè)地方已經(jīng)待了兩年了，這里是他回家的路途中，是不是？路途中他停留了兩年時(shí)間。好的，你先請(qǐng)坐。你覺得殘菊不能兩開，在理解上好像存在一些誤差。趙勇：因?yàn)榫栈ü磐駚泶碇鴮?duì)家鄉(xiāng)的思念。師：菊花代表對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)的思念？（下面學(xué)生齊笑）這種說法牽強(qiáng)了些，菊花在古代象征著高潔，梅蘭竹菊是四君子嘛。趙勇：寫這首詩(shī)時(shí)，他已經(jīng)打算回故鄉(xiāng)了，所以不應(yīng)該寫“殘菊”，寫“殘菊”的話……師：事實(shí)上，他回不了故鄉(xiāng)。好的，請(qǐng)坐。再想想，“殘菊”意味著什么？破敗?！皡簿铡蹦?？茂盛。那這里說“兩開他日淚”，“兩開”是什么意思？開了兩了次了，這說明他在這里已經(jīng)待了兩年了。那“他日淚”又是什么意思？趙勇：應(yīng)該是他看到這里的菊花開得這么茂盛，就想到了故鄉(xiāng)的菊花也是開的茂盛的時(shí)候。如果是“殘菊”的話，那故鄉(xiāng)的菊也會(huì)開得很殘敗。（下面學(xué)生齊笑）
人教版高中語(yǔ)文必修3《杜甫詩(shī)三首 詠懷古跡》說課稿2篇
第三，說教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。根據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的具體要求、學(xué)生實(shí)際和社會(huì)實(shí)際以及教材的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和教學(xué)體系，我認(rèn)為本課的重難點(diǎn)是以下幾個(gè)方面。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：1．理解王昭君的形象2．深入理解杜甫在詩(shī)中的情感教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：理解寓意，把握主旨。第四，說教法與學(xué)法。教法：根據(jù)課文特點(diǎn)和學(xué)生實(shí)際情況，以誦讀法（示范朗讀、學(xué)生齊讀）、問題探究法、點(diǎn)撥法、討論分析法進(jìn)行教學(xué)。首先激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)本文的興趣；然后引導(dǎo)學(xué)生反復(fù)吟哦誦讀，在讀的過程中質(zhì)疑、思考、品析、鑒賞；最后在教師適當(dāng)?shù)狞c(diǎn)撥下，在集體的熱烈討論中，理解作者的感情，得到新的認(rèn)識(shí)。（解說：使學(xué)生在教師的主導(dǎo)下圍繞中心議題發(fā)表各自的意見，相互交流，相互啟發(fā)，相互爭(zhēng)議，激發(fā)他們主動(dòng)去獲取知識(shí)，培養(yǎng)健康情感。）
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)一
本板塊的活動(dòng)主題是“談?wù)摴?jié)日活動(dòng)”（Talk about festival activities），主要是從貼近學(xué)生日常生活的角度來切入“節(jié)日”主題。學(xué)生會(huì)聽到發(fā)生在三個(gè)國(guó)家不同節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍跋碌暮?jiǎn)短對(duì)話，對(duì)話中的人們正在參與或?qū)⒁H歷不同的慶祝活動(dòng)。隨著全球化的進(jìn)程加速，國(guó)際交流日益頻繁，無(wú)論是國(guó)人走出國(guó)門還是外國(guó)友人訪問中國(guó)，都已成為司空見慣的事情。因此，該板塊所選取的三個(gè)典型節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍岸际菍儆诳缥幕浑H語(yǔ)境，不僅每組對(duì)話中的人物來自不同的文化背景，對(duì)話者的身份和關(guān)系也不盡相同。1. Master the new words related to holiday: the lantern, Carnival, costume, dress(sb)up, march, congratulation, congratulate, riddle, ceremony, samba, make - up, after all. 2. To understand the origin of major world festivals and the activities held to celebrate them and the significance of these activities;3. Improve listening comprehension and oral expression of the topic by listening and talking about traditional festivals around the world;4. Improve my understanding of the topic by watching pictures and videos about different traditional festivals around the world;5. Review the common assimilation phenomenon in English phonetics, can distinguish the assimilated phonemes in the natural language flow, and consciously use the assimilation skill in oral expression. Importance:1. Guide students to pay attention to the attitude of the speaker in the process of listening, and identify the relationship between the characters;2. Inspire students to use topic words to describe the festival activities based on their background knowledge. Difficulties:In the process of listening to the correct understanding of the speaker's attitude, accurately identify the relationship between the characters.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二
Activity 41. Students complete the task of activity 4, then teachers and students check the answers. 2. The teacher organized the students to work together and asked them to use the tables and mind maps sorted out before to retold the important choices in Lin Qiaozhi's life and their resultsStep 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the core words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences. 2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes. 3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better. Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text; 2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences. 3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan. 1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法；2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)總結(jié)林巧稚的人生原則和人格品質(zhì)特征；3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否針對(duì)人生抉擇發(fā)表自己的看法；能否全面地、客觀地、理性地看待問題，進(jìn)而對(duì)道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)四
3.Teachers ask different groups to report the answers to the questions and ask them to try different sentence patterns.The teacher added some sentence patterns for students to refer to when writing.Step 4 Writing taskActivity 51.Write the first draft.Students first review the evaluation criteria in activity 5, and then independently complete the draft according to the outline of activity 4, the answers to the questions listed in the group discussion and report, and the reference sentence pattern.2.Change partners.The teacher guides the students to evaluate their partner's composition according to the checklist of activity 5 and proposes Suggestions for modification.3.Finalize the draft.Based on the peer evaluation, students revise their own compositions and determine the final draft.Finally, through group recommendation, the teacher selects excellent compositions for projection display or reading aloud in class, and gives comments and Suggestions.Step 5 Showing writingActivity 5T call some Ss to share their writing.Step 6 Homework1. Read the passage in this section to better understand the passage.2. Carefully understand the hierarchical structure of the article, and deeply understand the plot of the story according to the causes, process and results;3. Independently complete the relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法；2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否通過人物言行的對(duì)比分析道德故事的深層內(nèi)涵；3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否根據(jù)故事的起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果來深入理解故事的情節(jié)，從而了解文章的層次結(jié)構(gòu)；4、結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)生活案例發(fā)表自己的見解和看法,寫一篇觀點(diǎn)明確、層次分明的故事評(píng)論。
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)四
該板塊的活動(dòng)主題是“介紹一個(gè)有顯著文化特征的地方”( Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity)。該板塊通過介紹中國(guó)城繼續(xù)聚焦中國(guó)文化。本單元主題圖呈現(xiàn)的是舊金山中國(guó)城的典型景象, Reading and Thinking部分也提到中國(guó)城,為該板塊作鋪墊。介紹中國(guó)城的目的主要是體現(xiàn)中國(guó)文化與美國(guó)多元文化的關(guān)系,它是美國(guó)多元文化的重要組成部分。中國(guó)城也是海外華人的精神家園和傳播中國(guó)文化的重要窗口,外國(guó)人在中國(guó)城能近距離體驗(yàn)中國(guó)文化。1. Read the text to understand the cultural characteristics of Chinatown in San Francisco and the relationship between Chinese culture and American multiculturalism;2. Through reading, learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose and writing characteristics;3. Learn to give a comprehensive, accurate, and organized description of the city or town you live in;Learn to revise and evaluate your writing.Importance:1. Guide the students to read the introduction of Chinatown in San Francisco and grasp its writing characteristics;2. Guide students to introduce their city or town in a comprehensive, accurate and organized way;3. Learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose, and master the core vocabulary.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)一
Activity 81.Grasp the main idea of the listening.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:Who are the two speakers in the listening? What is their relationship?What is the main idea of the first part of the listening? How about the second part?2.Complete the passage.Ask the students to quickly review the summaries of the two listening materials in activity 2. Then play the recording for the second time.Ask them to complete the passage and fill in the blanks.3.Play the recording again and ask the students to use the structure diagram to comb the information structure in the listening.(While listening, take notes. Capture key information quickly and accurately.)Step 8 Talking Activity 91.Focus on the listening text.Listen to the students and listen to the tape. Let them understand the attitudes of Wu Yue and Justin in the conversation.How does Wu Yue feel about Chinese minority cultures?What does Justin think of the Miao and Dong cultures?How do you know that?2.learn functional items that express concerns.Ask students to focus on the expressions listed in activity. 3.And try to analyze the meaning they convey, including praise (Super!).Agree (Exactly!)"(You're kidding.!)Tell me more about it. Tell me more about it.For example, "Yeah Sure." "Definitely!" "Certainly!" "No kidding!" "No wonder!" and so on.4.Ask the students to have conversations in small groups, acting as Jsim and his friends.Justin shares his travels in Guizhou with friends and his thoughts;Justin's friends should give appropriate feedback, express their interest in relevant information, and ask for information when necessary.In order to enrich the dialogue, teachers can expand and supplement the introduction of Miao, dong, Lusheng and Dong Dage.After the group practice, the teacher can choose several groups of students to show, and let the rest of the students listen carefully, after listening to the best performance of the group, and give at least two reasons.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二
1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生是否理解和掌握動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的功能和意義；2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否在理解文段內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和表達(dá)邏輯，能正確運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式描述節(jié)日慶典。3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生是否歸納和積累用于表達(dá)情緒的相關(guān)詞匯。
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 2 Morals and virtues教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)一
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class. Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:Time order: first of all, then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although, butTeachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventuallySpatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front ofOtherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well asSummary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in briefStep 8 Homework1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定義；2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否通過說話人所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容、說話的語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)等來判斷其態(tài)度和情緒；3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否針對(duì)具體的道德困境發(fā)表自己的看法和見解，能否掌握聽力理訓(xùn)練中的聽力策略。
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法；2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和作者的寫作邏輯；3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能否了解舊金山的城市風(fēng)貌、文化特色，以及加利福尼亞州的歷史，體會(huì)多元文化對(duì)美國(guó)的影響。
高中語(yǔ)文人教版必修二《歸園田居》說課稿
一、說教材本節(jié)課選自于人教版語(yǔ)文必修二第二單元詩(shī)三首中的一首詩(shī)歌，它是陶淵明歸隱后的作品。寫的是田園之樂，實(shí)際表明的是作者不愿與世俗同流合污的心聲，甘愿守著自己的拙志回歸田園。學(xué)習(xí)該詩(shī)，有助于學(xué)生了解山水田園詩(shī)的特點(diǎn)，感受者作者不同流俗的高尚情操，同時(shí)可以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生初步的鑒賞古典詩(shī)歌的能力。
關(guān)于品德是人的第一智慧的第三周國(guó)旗下講話
德是人的第一智慧—第三周國(guó)旗下講話各位老師、同學(xué)們：大家早晨好！我今天講話的題目是《品德是人的第一智慧》，側(cè)重闡述品德和智慧的關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)我校學(xué)生在校期間的品德要求。我們今天培養(yǎng)和選拔人才的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是德才兼?zhèn)洌苌儆腥怂伎肌暗隆焙汀安拧钡年P(guān)系?？梢赃@樣講，一個(gè)人有怎樣的品德，就會(huì)有怎樣的人生理解和目標(biāo)，而智慧決定的是追求目標(biāo)的途徑和方法。目標(biāo)決定方法，方法服務(wù)于目標(biāo)。從這個(gè)意義上講，品德是成功人生的前提，是第一位的；智慧是成功人生的必須，從屬于品德。翻開一部人類的歷史，凡被人們敬仰的偉人，哪一位不是品德高尚的人？毛澤東、孫中山、錢學(xué)森、華羅庚、羅斯福、華盛頓、愛因斯坦、哥白尼等等。同學(xué)們?cè)囅胂?，如果你走向社?huì)后事業(yè)有成，你會(huì)選擇一位當(dāng)年缺乏公德的同學(xué)合作嗎？沒有與人良好的合作關(guān)系，才高八斗又有何用？高尚的品德不是與生俱來的，他需要我們一點(diǎn)一滴的做好自律，并自覺接受它律。自律的最高境界就是中國(guó)儒家文化強(qiáng)調(diào)的“慎獨(dú)”，即一個(gè)人獨(dú)處時(shí)也能保持同樣的高尚品德境界，而不是沒人看見就隨手扔垃圾，隨性破壞公物或干點(diǎn)什么見不得人的壞事。
人教版高中地理必修2第三章第三節(jié)以畜牧業(yè)為主的農(nóng)業(yè)地域類型說課稿
1.導(dǎo)入新課：通過視頻“阿根廷的潘帕斯草原”，引起學(xué)生的興趣，進(jìn)而引出新的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容——以畜牧業(yè)為主的農(nóng)業(yè)地域類型。2.新課講授：第一課時(shí)，首先通過展示“世界大牧場(chǎng)放牧業(yè)分布圖”，引出對(duì)大牧場(chǎng)放牧業(yè)的初步認(rèn)識(shí)，了解其分布范圍；然后通過展示“潘帕斯草原的地形圖”“氣候圖”和“牧牛業(yè)景觀圖”，討論分析大牧場(chǎng)放牧業(yè)形成的區(qū)位條件，并進(jìn)行案例分析，學(xué)習(xí)該種農(nóng)業(yè)的特點(diǎn)；最后，理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際，展示：“中國(guó)地形圖”“氣候圖”“人口圖”“交通圖”和“內(nèi)蒙古牧區(qū)圖”，分組討論我國(guó)內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)能否采用潘帕斯草原大牧場(chǎng)放牧業(yè)的生產(chǎn)模式。第二課時(shí)，首先通過設(shè)問順利從大牧場(chǎng)放牧業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)入乳蓄業(yè)，通過講述讓學(xué)生了解乳蓄業(yè)的概念；然后通過展示世界乳畜業(yè)分布圖，了解乳蓄業(yè)主要分布在哪些地區(qū)；接著，通過西歐乳蓄業(yè)的案例分析，得到乳蓄業(yè)發(fā)展的區(qū)位因素及其特點(diǎn)。
兩點(diǎn)間的距離公式教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)
一、情境導(dǎo)學(xué)在一條筆直的公路同側(cè)有兩個(gè)大型小區(qū),現(xiàn)在計(jì)劃在公路上某處建一個(gè)公交站點(diǎn)C,以方便居住在兩個(gè)小區(qū)住戶的出行.如何選址能使站點(diǎn)到兩個(gè)小區(qū)的距離之和最小?二、探究新知問題1.在數(shù)軸上已知兩點(diǎn)A、B，如何求A、B兩點(diǎn)間的距離？提示：|AB|＝|xA－xB|.問題2：在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中能否利用數(shù)軸上兩點(diǎn)間的距離求出任意兩點(diǎn)間距離？探究.當(dāng)x1≠x2，y1≠y2時(shí)，|P1P2|＝？請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)單說明理由．提示：可以，構(gòu)造直角三角形利用勾股定理求解．答案：如圖，在Rt △P1QP2中，|P1P2|2＝|P1Q|2＋|QP2|2，所以|P1P2|＝?x2－x1?2＋?y2－y1?2.即兩點(diǎn)P1(x1，y1)，P2(x2，y2)間的距離|P1P2|＝?x2－x1?2＋?y2－y1?2.你還能用其它方法證明這個(gè)公式嗎？2．兩點(diǎn)間距離公式的理解(1)此公式與兩點(diǎn)的先后順序無(wú)關(guān)，也就是說公式也可寫成|P1P2|＝?x2－x1?2＋?y2－y1?2.(2)當(dāng)直線P1P2平行于x軸時(shí)，|P1P2|＝|x2－x1|.當(dāng)直線P1P2平行于y軸時(shí)，|P1P2|＝|y2－y1|.
圓的一般方程教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)
情境導(dǎo)學(xué)前面我們已討論了圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為(x-a)2+(y-b)2=r2,現(xiàn)將其展開可得：x2+y2-2ax-2bx+a2+b2-r2=0.可見,任何一個(gè)圓的方程都可以變形x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0的形式.請(qǐng)大家思考一下,形如x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0的方程表示的曲線是不是圓?下面我們來探討這一方面的問題.探究新知例如,對(duì)于方程x^2+y^2-2x-4y+6=0,對(duì)其進(jìn)行配方，得〖(x-1)〗^2+(〖y-2)〗^2=-1,因?yàn)槿我庖稽c(diǎn)的坐標(biāo) (x,y) 都不滿足這個(gè)方程，所以這個(gè)方程不表示任何圖形，所以形如x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0的方程不一定能通過恒等變換為圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程，這表明形如x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0的方程不一定是圓的方程.一、圓的一般方程（1）當(dāng)D2+E2-4F>0時(shí),方程x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0表示以(-D/2,-E/2)為圓心,1/2 √(D^2+E^2 "-" 4F)為半徑的圓,將方程x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0，配方可得〖(x+D/2)〗^2+(〖y+E/2)〗^2=(D^2+E^2-4F)/4（2）當(dāng)D2+E2-4F=0時(shí),方程x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0，表示一個(gè)點(diǎn)(-D/2,-E/2)（3）當(dāng)D2+E2-4F0);
點(diǎn)到直線的距離公式教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)
4.已知△ABC三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)A(－1,3)，B(－3,0)，C(1,2)，求△ABC的面積S.【解析】由直線方程的兩點(diǎn)式得直線BC的方程為 ＝ ，即x－2y＋3＝0，由兩點(diǎn)間距離公式得|BC|＝ ，點(diǎn)A到BC的距離為d，即為BC邊上的高，d＝ ，所以S＝ |BC|·d＝ ×2 × ＝4，即△ABC的面積為4.5.已知直線l經(jīng)過點(diǎn)P(0,2),且A(1,1),B(-3,1)兩點(diǎn)到直線l的距離相等,求直線l的方程.解:(方法一)∵點(diǎn)A(1,1)與B(-3,1)到y(tǒng)軸的距離不相等,∴直線l的斜率存在,設(shè)為k.又直線l在y軸上的截距為2,則直線l的方程為y=kx+2,即kx-y+2=0.由點(diǎn)A(1,1)與B(-3,1)到直線l的距離相等,∴直線l的方程是y=2或x-y+2=0.得("|" k"-" 1+2"|" )/√(k^2+1)=("|-" 3k"-" 1+2"|" )/√(k^2+1),解得k=0或k=1.(方法二)當(dāng)直線l過線段AB的中點(diǎn)時(shí),A,B兩點(diǎn)到直線l的距離相等.∵AB的中點(diǎn)是(-1,1),又直線l過點(diǎn)P(0,2),∴直線l的方程是x-y+2=0.當(dāng)直線l∥AB時(shí),A,B兩點(diǎn)到直線l的距離相等.∵直線AB的斜率為0,∴直線l的斜率為0,∴直線l的方程為y=2.綜上所述,滿足條件的直線l的方程是x-y+2=0或y=2.
兩條平行線間的距離教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)
一、情境導(dǎo)學(xué)前面我們已經(jīng)得到了兩點(diǎn)間的距離公式，點(diǎn)到直線的距離公式，關(guān)于平面上的距離問題，兩條直線間的距離也是值得研究的。思考1：立定跳遠(yuǎn)測(cè)量的什么距離？A.兩平行線的距離 B.點(diǎn)到直線的距離 C. 點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)的距離二、探究新知思考2：已知兩條平行直線l_1,l_2的方程，如何求l_1 〖與l〗_2間的距離？根據(jù)兩條平行直線間距離的含義，在直線l_1上取任一點(diǎn)P（x_0,y_0 ），,點(diǎn)P（x_0,y_0 ）到直線l_2的距離就是直線l_1與直線l_2間的距離，這樣求兩條平行線間的距離就轉(zhuǎn)化為求點(diǎn)到直線的距離。兩條平行直線間的距離1. 定義：夾在兩平行線間的__________的長(zhǎng).公垂線段2. 圖示： 3. 求法：轉(zhuǎn)化為點(diǎn)到直線的距離.1．原點(diǎn)到直線x＋2y－5＝0的距離是( )A．2 B．3 C．2 D．5D [d＝|－5|12＋22＝5.選D.]
圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)人教A版高中數(shù)學(xué)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)
(1)幾何法它是利用圖形的幾何性質(zhì),如圓的性質(zhì)等,直接求出圓的圓心和半徑,代入圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程,從而得到圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程.(2)待定系數(shù)法由三個(gè)獨(dú)立條件得到三個(gè)方程,解方程組以得到圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程中三個(gè)參數(shù),從而確定圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程.它是求圓的方程最常用的方法,一般步驟是:①設(shè)——設(shè)所求圓的方程為(x-a)2+(y-b)2=r2;②列——由已知條件,建立關(guān)于a,b,r的方程組;③解——解方程組,求出a,b,r;④代——將a,b,r代入所設(shè)方程,得所求圓的方程.跟蹤訓(xùn)練1．已知△ABC的三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)分別為A(0,5)，B(1，－2)，C(－3，－4)，求該三角形的外接圓的方程．[解] 法一：設(shè)所求圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為(x－a)2＋(y－b)2＝r2.因?yàn)锳(0,5)，B(1,－2)，C(－3,－4)都在圓上，所以它們的坐標(biāo)都滿足圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程，于是有?0－a?2＋?5－b?2＝r2，?1－a?2＋?－2－b?2＝r2，?－3－a?2＋?－4－b?2＝r2.解得a＝－3，b＝1，r＝5.故所求圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程是(x＋3)2＋(y－1)2＝25.
