
1. 標題首先根據(jù)海報的特點、格式寫明標題。海報中往往把內容作為大標題。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海報其正文部分的側重點不同。對于介紹性的海報, 首先要引出話題, 其次列出原因, 最后是總結。對于宣傳類的海報, 要寫明具體內容, 如: 活動內容, 地點以及參加活動的注意事項, 主持或舉辦單位等。1. 圖片: 要選擇引人注目的圖片, 與主題要相關, 色彩明亮。話題句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我國的國寶。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上僅現(xiàn)存幾千只熊貓。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因為人類的活動, 老虎處于瀕危的狀態(tài)。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生動物面臨著滅絕的危險。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施來保護它們。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人們應該提高保護野生動物的意識。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃驚, 目前中國僅有不足1 000只江豚。

This unit is about history and traditions. From the opening page, we can know that this unit will introduce the history and traditions around the world. As Marcus Garvey says “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots”, it is important for students to realize the importance and value of knowing the history and traditions and their further meanings. And this part ( listening and speaking ) is divided into two parts: Part A---share views on historic sites, Part B ---talk about a visit to a historic tourist destination. By talking with a foreigner, the speakers introduce the historic attractions and their cultures. Part A is that William, a British student, who was going to visit the Confucius Temple and a Chinese student, Xiao Kong, who was going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. Part B is a conversation between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel receptionist and Paul, a backpacker about the feelings and experience after visiting the Chinese famous tourist attraction Pingyao.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to talk about historic spots and great person.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to discuss with their peers the related topics.3. Enable students to use the functional items of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.

This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:溫故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:過去分詞作定語時的意義1.及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,在語態(tài)上表示被動;在時間上,常表示動作已經發(fā)生或完成,有時也不表示時間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我們的老師看著我們做實驗,最后給了我們一個滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會上提出的計劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,它不表示被動意義,只強調動作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.

Step 5 While reading---Task 3Read the text again and answer the following questions.Q1: How many countries does the UK consist of ?4 Q2: What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Q3: Which two were the first to be joined together ?England and WalesQ4: What are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country ?The first one is to help you understand more about the country and its traditions.The second one is to make visiting it more enjoyable.Q5: What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history ?Supportive/positiveStep 6 Post reading---Retell the textThe United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)_____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (2) __________(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19 th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland (3) ______ (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the (4)_________(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries (5)__________ belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles (6)_________(build) all around England and made changes (7)__________ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more (8)_________(enjoy). The capital city London is (9)___ ancient port city that has a history (10)______(date) back to Roman times. 1. what 2.was joined 3.broke 4.shortened 5.that 6. built 7.to 8.enjoyable 9.an 10.dating Step 6 Homework

Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about "sharing views on historical sites". Through listening to a dialogue between Chinese and foreign students on the way to the Confucius Temple, students can understand their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts, so as to realize and think about the profound influence of Confucius and his thoughts on Chinese historical tradition. At the same time, the dialogue naturally integrates English idioms and mentions Shakespeare, the British playwright, so as to provide language materials and context for students to understand English idioms and related cultural allusions, as well as to compare Chinese and foreign cultures, which is helpful for students to understand and express the language such as history, tradition, culture and custom significant impact.Text analysis: listening text is a dialogue between a British student and a Chinese student when he goes to the Confucius Temple. When William, a British student, visited the Confucius Temple, he asked Xiao Kong, a Chinese student, for directions. Xiao Kong was just going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, so they went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. From the perspective of foreign tourists, this paper describes their thoughts on Confucius, the great son of Confucius, who had a profound impact on Chinese history and cultural tradition, and his education.Listening and Talking introduces a visit to a historic tourist destination. Tourism is a common way to understand a country's history, culture, and customs and so on. Students listen to the dialogue between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel Usher, and Paul, a backpacker, to learn about Pingyao's famous historical and cultural attractions and Paul's travel experience and experience as a foreign tourist.

Features of languages1.Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.該句是一個復合句。該句主句為:the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK;which resulted in the full name we have today為which引導的定語從句代指前面整句話的內容,we have today為定語從句修飾先行詞name。譯文:最后,在20世紀,愛爾蘭南部脫離英國,這導致了我們今天有的英國的全名:大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國。2.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.該句是一個復合句。該句主句為:you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people;其中Almost everywhere you go in the UK為讓步狀語從句; who took over at different times throughout history為定語從句修飾先行詞people。譯文:幾乎無論你走到英國的任何地方,你都會發(fā)現(xiàn)歷史上有四種不同的人在不同的時期統(tǒng)治過英國。3.The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.該句是一個復合句。該句主句為:The capital city London is a great place to start; as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.為原因狀語從句;dating all the way back to Roman times為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語修飾history。

Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.

choir memberspeople to run food stands people to sell festival ticketspeople to sell music CDspeople to set up equipmentmusical performersStep 2: Listen to the announcement again and answer the questions. ? 1. What kind of songs will Grace Davis sing at the festival?? 2. Who can try out as a performer?? 3. What can those who think they do not have musical talent do?? 4. How can students volunteer to take part?? Talking about preferences:? Would you prefer doing ..?? What would you prefer to do?? Would you rather do .... or ….?? What would you rather do?? I'd prefer .... to ..? I'd rather have ... than .. Step 3: Speaking ProjectWork in groups. Role-play the conversation or make a new one.? Debbie: Where have you been? You missed the announcement about the music festival.? John: I was at the doctor's office. Music festival?? Frank: Yes, it's going to be next month on the school sports field. John, you can play the piano. How about playing it at the festival?? John: Well, I'd rather play the violin. I can play Liang Zhu.? Frank: Wow! Sounds good. What about you, Debbie? ? Debbie: Actually, I don't have much musical ability. I'd prefer just to help out with the crowds.? Frank: You can sell tickets or work at a food stand.? John: So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money?? Debbie: Yes. All of the money will go to charity.

Step1:自主探究。1.(教材P52)Born(bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.2.(教材P52) Moved(move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”3.(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged(discourage).4.(教材P58)Encouraged(encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day.Step2:語法要點精析。用法1:過去分詞作表語1).過去分詞可放在連系動詞be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表語,表示主語所處的狀態(tài)Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor.湯姆很驚訝地看到一條蛇正爬過地板。Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys.終于嬰兒厭倦了玩那些玩具。注意:1).過去分詞作表語時與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語時,強調主語所處的狀態(tài);而動詞的被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者,強調動作。The library is now closed.(狀態(tài))圖書館現(xiàn)在關閉了。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.(動作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。2)感覺類及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài),常譯作“感到……的”;現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性,常譯作“令人……的”。

This lesson is about music. Students can classify the types of music through the instruments and its sound and can talk about their preferences about music, even join some activities and play a role in them according to their musical talents. On the basis, they are guided to use the languages to express their preferences and some plosive sounds and their rules.1. Classify the music types through the instruments and its sound.2. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons; talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and the rules.4. Join some activities and play a role in them according to the talents. 1. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons;2. talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and incomplete plosives and its rules.Step 1 Lead inPoint at the pictures on P50 and ask Q1: What are the people doing in the pictures below?Q2: What kind of music they are?Then play the MP3s one by oneStep 2 ListeningTask 1: A reporter from the school newspaper is interviewing students about music. Listen to the interviews. Draw lines between the words to make complete sentences. Some words will not be used.

1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1:What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process

This section focuses on "learning about experiencing music Online". This virtual choir is a new form of music performance. Members from all over the world don't need to love to come to a place. Instead, they use the new technology to model the various parts and wonderful virtual harmony group of music in the family. Students need to understand the main meaning of each paragraph. Finding topic sentences is an important way to understand the general idea of a paragraph. After the topic sentence, it is usually the detail sentence that supports and explains the topic sentence. Some paragraphs have obvious subject sentences, for example, the first sentence of the second paragraph is the subject sentence of the paragraph, and the following sentenceStudents need to pay attention to the topic sentences and key sentences, and then pay attention to how the sentences after the meaning explain, explain and support the topic sentences or key sentences before.1.Guide students to learn about experiencing music online2.Guide students to scan and circle the information in the text.3.Guide students to find the numbers and dates to fill in the timeline.4.Guide students to learn more about music by completing the sentences with the correct forms of the words and phrases. And then make a mind map about the outline of the passage.1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the main meaning of each paragraph and understand the narrative characteristics of "timeline” in illustrative style.3. Lead students to understand the changes that have been caused by the Internet.

(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我們已經聆聽了許多精彩的發(fā)言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因為我們希望全世界各國團結起來去應對……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我們不采取行動……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意對于……表達的擔心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 讓我們告訴全世界,通過一起努力我們可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是時候我們……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感謝你們和我共度這一天。實踐演練:假如你是高中生李華,你校將舉辦一次以“音樂”為主題的演講比賽,請你按照主題,寫下你的演講稿。注意:詞數(shù)100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!

一般情況下,凡是支持物對物體的支持力,都是支持物因發(fā)生形變而對物體產生彈力。所以支持力的方向總是垂直于支持面而指向被支持的物體。例1:放在水平桌面上的書書由于重力的作用而壓迫桌面,使書和桌面同時發(fā)生微小形變,要恢復原狀,對桌面產生垂直于桌面向下的彈力f1,這就是書對桌面的壓力;桌面由于發(fā)生微小的形變,對書產生垂直于書面向上的彈力f2,這就是桌面對書的支持力。學生分析:靜止地放在傾斜木板上的書,書對木板的壓力和木板對書的支持力。并畫出力的示意圖。結論:壓力、支持力都是彈力。壓力的方向總是垂直于支持面而指向被壓的物體,支持力的方向總是垂直于支持面而指向被支持的物體。引導學生分析靜止時,懸繩對重物的拉力及方向。引導得出:懸掛物由于重力的作用而拉緊懸繩,使重物、懸繩同時發(fā)生微小的形變。重物由于發(fā)生微小的形變,對懸繩產生豎直向下的彈力f1,這是物對繩的拉力;懸繩由于發(fā)生微小形變,對物產生豎直向上的彈力f2,這就是繩對物體的拉力。

l.知識與技能:(1)知道摩擦力產生的條件。(2)能在簡單問題中,根據(jù)物體的運動狀態(tài),判斷靜摩擦力的有無、大小和方向;知道存在著最大靜摩擦力。(3)掌握動磨擦因數(shù),會在具體問題中計算滑動磨擦力,掌握判定摩擦力方向的方法。(4)知道影響到摩擦因數(shù)的因素。2.過程與方法:通過觀察演示實驗,概括出摩擦力產生的條件及摩擦力的特點,培養(yǎng)學生的觀察、概括能力。通過靜摩擦力與滑動摩擦力的區(qū)別對比,培養(yǎng)學生分析綜合能力。3.情感態(tài)度價值觀:在分析物體所受摩擦力時,突出主要矛盾,忽略次要因素及無關因素,總結出摩擦力產生的條件和規(guī)律。二、重點、難點分析1.本節(jié)課的內容分滑動摩擦力和靜摩擦力兩部分。重點是摩擦力產生的條件、特性和規(guī)律,通過演示實驗得出關系f=μN。2.難點是學生有初中的知識,往往誤認為壓力N的大小總是跟滑動物體所受的重力相等,因此必須指出只有當兩物體的接觸面垂直,物體在水平拉力作用下,沿水平面滑動時,壓力N的大小才跟物體所受的重力相等。

1.用CAI課件模擬汽車的啟動過程。師生共同討論:①如果作用在物體上的力為恒力,且物體以勻速運動,則力對物體做功的功率保持不變。此情況下,任意一段時間內的平均功率與任一瞬時的瞬時功率都是相同的。②很多動力機器通常有一個額定功率,且通常使其在額定功率狀態(tài)工作(如汽車),根據(jù)P=FV可知:當路面阻力較小時,牽引力也小,速度大,即汽車可以跑得快些;當路面阻力較大,或爬坡時,需要比較大的牽引力,速度必須小。這就是爬坡時汽車換低速擋的道理。③如果動力機器在實際功率小于額定功率的條件下工作,例如汽車剛剛起動后的一段時間內,速度逐漸增大過程中,牽引力仍可增大,即F和v可以同時增大,但是這一情況應以二者乘積等于額定功率為限度,即當實際功率大于額定功率以后,這種情況不可能實現(xiàn)。

(五)平拋運動規(guī)律的應用例1:一架老式飛機在高出海面45m的高處,以80m/s的速度水平飛行,為了使飛機上投下的炸彈落在停在海面上的敵船,應該在與轟炸目標的水平距離為多遠的地方投彈?不計空氣阻力。分析:對于這道題我們可以從以下幾個方面來考慮:(1)從水平飛行的飛機上投下的炸彈,做什么運動?為什么?(2)炸彈的這種運動可分解為哪兩個什么樣的分運動?3)要想使炸彈投到指定的目標處,你認為炸彈落地前在水平方向通過的距離與投彈時飛機離目標的水平距離之間有什么關系?拓展:1、式飛機在高出海面45m的高處,以80m/s的速度水平飛行,尾追一艘以15m/s逃逸的敵船,為了使飛機上投下的炸彈正好擊中敵船,應該在與轟炸目標的水平距離為多遠的地方投彈?不計空氣阻力。2、在一次摩托車跨越壕溝的表演中,摩托車從壕溝的一側以速度v=40m/s沿水平方向向另一側,壕溝兩側的高度及寬度如圖所示,摩托車可看做質點,不計空氣阻力。(1)判斷摩托車能否跨越壕溝?請計算說明(2)若能跨過,求落地速度?

3.進一步體會力是產生加速度的原因,并通過牛頓第二定律來理解勻速圓周運動、變速圓周運動及一般曲線運動的各自特點。(三)、情感、態(tài)度與價值觀1.在實驗中,培養(yǎng)學生動手、探究的習慣。2.體會實驗的意義,感受成功的快樂,激發(fā)學生探究問題的熱情、樂于學習的品質。教學重點1.體會牛頓第二定律在向心力上的應用。2.明確向心力的意義、作用、公式及其變形,并經行計算。教學難點1.對向心力的理解及來源的尋找。2.運用向心力、向心加速度的知識解決圓周運動問題。教學過程(一)、 引入新課:復習提問:勻速圓周運動的物體的加速度——向心加速度,它的方向和大小有何特點呢?學生回答后進一步引導:那做勻速圓周運動物體的受力有什么特點呢?是什么力使物體做圓周運動而不沿直線飛出?請同學們先閱讀教材

②林沖無辜受害,被刺配到滄州,遠離了京城,高俅一伙,陸謙、富安又追到滄州,在李小二的酒店里密謀陷害林沖。林沖從李小二那里聽說了這件事之后是什么態(tài)度?表現(xiàn)出林沖的什么性格?明確:林沖聽到李小二的報信,并確知從東京來的尷尬人就是陸虞候時,馬上意識到“那潑賤賊”是要“來這里害我”,他識破了仇人的陰謀,激起了復仇的怒火,氣憤地說:“休要撞著我,只叫他骨肉為泥!”說罷,便怒沖沖地“先去街上買把解腕尖刀,帶在身上,前街后巷一地里去尋”,次日,“帶了刀,又去滄州城里城外,小街夾巷,團團尋了一日”。這說明,當迫害逼到眼前時,林沖也具有了強烈的反抗意識。但是,“街上尋了三五日,不見消耗”時,“林沖也自心下慢了”,對仇人有所懷疑,卻失去了應有的警惕性,剛剛點燃起來的復仇怒火又慢慢熄滅了。這說明林沖的反抗并不堅決,幻想得過且過,委曲求全。

教師提示:1.這句話的本體不是一般意義上的“中國詩”,即不是指中國詩歌中的某一類作品或某位詩人的作品,而是指中國詩的發(fā)展特點。早熟,是指“純粹的抒情詩的精髓和峰極,在中國詩里出現(xiàn)得異常之早”;早衰,是指“中國詩一蹴而至崇高的境界,以后就缺乏變化,而且逐漸腐化”(腐化,是對詩的思想內容和藝術價值而言的)。這句話,借助比喻和比喻中的對比(“早熟”與“早衰”),從詩歌發(fā)展的角度,簡要地說明了中國詩的藝術特征和由此產生的負面影響。2.這句話有兩層意思:一是借梵文的《百喻經》闡釋中國的藝術和思想體構上的缺欠,旨在批評;二是點明造成這種缺欠的根本原因?!耙粋€印度愚人要住三層樓而不許匠人造底下兩層”這樣的建筑物就是“飄飄凌云的空中樓閣”,作者以此作喻,批評中國的藝術和思想體構缺乏嚴密的邏輯性,往往脫離客觀實際,沒有堅實的基礎,其結果必定影響藝術的健康、穩(wěn)定地發(fā)展。
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