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新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Reading For Writing教案一
⑦identity theft 身份盜竊⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 張貼尷尬照片 【話題句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在網(wǎng)上保持安全, 避免在網(wǎng)上的不良經(jīng)歷? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是專家, 但作為一個博主, 我已經(jīng)學了好幾年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或讀到一些讓你覺得不舒服的東西, 立即離開這個網(wǎng)站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 別告訴別人你的地址或電話號碼。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盜竊是一個常見而嚴重的問題。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上網(wǎng)并不是無禮的借口, 你也不想成為發(fā)挑釁帖子的人或網(wǎng)絡(luò)惡霸的目標。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 發(fā)挑釁帖子的人經(jīng)常使用幾個假名, 這樣他們就可以留在一個網(wǎng)站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有禮貌, 你被攻擊的可能性就越小。
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Reading and Thinking教案二
Step 5 While reading---Task 3Read the text again and answer the following questions.Q1: How many countries does the UK consist of ?4 Q2: What are the four countries of the United Kingdom?England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland Q3: Which two were the first to be joined together ?England and WalesQ4: What are the two chief advantages of studying the history of a country ?The first one is to help you understand more about the country and its traditions.The second one is to make visiting it more enjoyable.Q5: What’s the author’s attitude towards studying the history ?Supportive/positiveStep 6 Post reading---Retell the textThe United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)_____ these different names mean. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (2) __________(join) to the Kingdom of England. In the 19 th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland (3) ______ (break) away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. However, most people just use the (4)_________(shorten) name: the UK. The four countries (5)__________ belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. There were four sets of invaders and the last group were the Normans. They had castles (6)_________(build) all around England and made changes (7)__________ the legal system. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more (8)_________(enjoy). The capital city London is (9)___ ancient port city that has a history (10)______(date) back to Roman times. 1. what 2.was joined 3.broke 4.shortened 5.that 6. built 7.to 8.enjoyable 9.an 10.dating Step 6 Homework
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Listening＆Speaking＆Talking教案二
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about "sharing views on historical sites". Through listening to a dialogue between Chinese and foreign students on the way to the Confucius Temple, students can understand their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts, so as to realize and think about the profound influence of Confucius and his thoughts on Chinese historical tradition. At the same time, the dialogue naturally integrates English idioms and mentions Shakespeare, the British playwright, so as to provide language materials and context for students to understand English idioms and related cultural allusions, as well as to compare Chinese and foreign cultures, which is helpful for students to understand and express the language such as history, tradition, culture and custom significant impact.Text analysis: listening text is a dialogue between a British student and a Chinese student when he goes to the Confucius Temple. When William, a British student, visited the Confucius Temple, he asked Xiao Kong, a Chinese student, for directions. Xiao Kong was just going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, so they went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. From the perspective of foreign tourists, this paper describes their thoughts on Confucius, the great son of Confucius, who had a profound impact on Chinese history and cultural tradition, and his education.Listening and Talking introduces a visit to a historic tourist destination. Tourism is a common way to understand a country's history, culture, and customs and so on. Students listen to the dialogue between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel Usher, and Paul, a backpacker, to learn about Pingyao's famous historical and cultural attractions and Paul's travel experience and experience as a foreign tourist.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Reading for Writing教案
Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 4 History and traditions教案
這個地區(qū)有著深厚的傳統(tǒng)。既學既練：為了讓更多的外國游客了解中國文化，欣賞中國美麗的自然風光，感受中國發(fā)生的巨大變化，某外文雜志社將出版一本英語小冊子來介紹中國的旅游景點。該雜志社邀請你為該小冊子寫一篇英語短文來介紹杭州，內(nèi)容包括：1．杭州的位置(中國東南部)、面積(16 000多平方公里)及歷史(2 200多年)等；2．杭州的旅游特色(自然風景、傳統(tǒng)文化、特色小吃等)；3．希望更多的游客來杭州參觀。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city．Dating back more than 2，200 years, Hangzhou covers an area of more than 16，000 square kilometers．In Hangzhou, you can visit the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating．In addition, you can’t miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions．In Hangzhou, the special snacks are famous and visitors from different parts of the world think highly of them．As a tourist attraction, Hangzhou attracts a large number of visitors from home and abroad every year．Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a scenic spot you can’t miss．
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Listening＆Speaking＆Talking教案
choir memberspeople to run food stands people to sell festival ticketspeople to sell music CDspeople to set up equipmentmusical performersStep 2: Listen to the announcement again and answer the questions. ? 1. What kind of songs will Grace Davis sing at the festival?? 2. Who can try out as a performer?? 3. What can those who think they do not have musical talent do?? 4. How can students volunteer to take part?? Talking about preferences:? Would you prefer doing ..?? What would you prefer to do?? Would you rather do .... or ….?? What would you rather do?? I'd prefer .... to ..? I'd rather have ... than .. Step 3: Speaking ProjectWork in groups. Role-play the conversation or make a new one.? Debbie: Where have you been? You missed the announcement about the music festival.? John: I was at the doctor's office. Music festival?? Frank: Yes, it's going to be next month on the school sports field. John, you can play the piano. How about playing it at the festival?? John: Well, I'd rather play the violin. I can play Liang Zhu.? Frank: Wow! Sounds good. What about you, Debbie? ? Debbie: Actually, I don't have much musical ability. I'd prefer just to help out with the crowds.? Frank: You can sell tickets or work at a food stand.? John: So can I assume that the aim of the festival is to raise money?? Debbie: Yes. All of the money will go to charity.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Discovering Useful Structures教案一
Step1:自主探究。1．(教材P52)Born(bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988．2．(教材P52) Moved(move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time．”3．(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged(discourage)．4．(教材P58)Encouraged(encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day．Step2:語法要點精析。用法1：過去分詞作表語1）．過去分詞可放在連系動詞be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表語，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor．湯姆很驚訝地看到一條蛇正爬過地板。Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys．終于嬰兒厭倦了玩那些玩具。注意：1）.過去分詞作表語時與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語時，強調(diào)主語所處的狀態(tài)；而動詞的被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，強調(diào)動作。The library is now closed．(狀態(tài))圖書館現(xiàn)在關(guān)閉了。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday．(動作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。2）感覺類及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別過去分詞作表語多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”；現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”。
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Reading and Thinking教案二
1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1：Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1：What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1：Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Reading and Thinking教案一
This section focuses on "learning about experiencing music Online". This virtual choir is a new form of music performance. Members from all over the world don't need to love to come to a place. Instead, they use the new technology to model the various parts and wonderful virtual harmony group of music in the family. Students need to understand the main meaning of each paragraph. Finding topic sentences is an important way to understand the general idea of a paragraph. After the topic sentence, it is usually the detail sentence that supports and explains the topic sentence. Some paragraphs have obvious subject sentences, for example, the first sentence of the second paragraph is the subject sentence of the paragraph, and the following sentenceStudents need to pay attention to the topic sentences and key sentences, and then pay attention to how the sentences after the meaning explain, explain and support the topic sentences or key sentences before.1.Guide students to learn about experiencing music online2.Guide students to scan and circle the information in the text.3.Guide students to find the numbers and dates to fill in the timeline.4.Guide students to learn more about music by completing the sentences with the correct forms of the words and phrases. And then make a mind map about the outline of the passage.1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the main meaning of each paragraph and understand the narrative characteristics of "timeline” in illustrative style.3. Lead students to understand the changes that have been caused by the Internet.
新人教版高中英語必修2Unit 5 Music-Reading For Writing教案一
(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我們已經(jīng)聆聽了許多精彩的發(fā)言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因為我們希望全世界各國團結(jié)起來去應(yīng)對……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我們不采取行動……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意對于……表達的擔心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 讓我們告訴全世界，通過一起努力我們可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是時候我們……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感謝你們和我共度這一天。實踐演練：假如你是高中生李華，你校將舉辦一次以“音樂”為主題的演講比賽，請你按照主題，寫下你的演講稿。注意：詞數(shù)100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!
人教版高中地理必修1自然界的水循環(huán)教案
情感、態(tài)度與價值觀幫助學生確立事物普遍聯(lián)系的觀點。幫助學生樹立正確認識利用自然規(guī)律，實現(xiàn)人類與環(huán)境的和諧發(fā)展的觀念 。教學 重點水循環(huán)的形成過程和地理意義。人類活動對水循環(huán)的影響教學 難點水循環(huán)的地理意義。教具、資料多媒體課件課 時安排1課時教學過程：【新課導入】出示計算機圖片：地球衛(wèi)星圖片、太陽系九大行星圖片。請同學們看，這是人類的家園——地球，與太陽系其它大行星相比，它的最大特點是什么呢？(有豐富的水)是的，我們所居住的這顆行星，表面四分之三為水所覆蓋，是一顆“水的行星”。我們這一章要學習的就是地球上的水 ?！疽龑А克心男┪锢砘瘜W性質(zhì)？(固液氣三態(tài)變化、比熱、脹縮、溶劑等)那么，地球上的水都存在哪里呢？(海洋、河 流、湖泊、地下、冰川、沼澤、大氣、生物體等)【總結(jié)】水在地理環(huán)境中以氣態(tài)、固態(tài)和液態(tài)三種形式相互轉(zhuǎn)化，形成各種水體，共同構(gòu)成了一個連續(xù)但不規(guī)則的圈層。這實際上就是水圈。
人教版高中地理必修2人口合理容量教案
（1）請同學們結(jié)合日常生活實例和教材分析說明人類要在世界各地消除貧困并保持人口的合理容量任務(wù)的艱巨性？（2）采取何種措施才能更好的解決這一問題的出現(xiàn)？教師總結(jié)（1）現(xiàn)實中的人口問題（如人口過快增長、人口城市化和人口老齡化等）引發(fā)了嚴重的資源問題和環(huán)境問題。①發(fā)達國家的人均消耗資源量很大，索取資源和轉(zhuǎn)嫁有害生產(chǎn)的地域超出了本國的范圍。②發(fā)展中國家不僅人口數(shù)量多，人均消費水平低，而且一些國家的人口仍在快速增長。若在現(xiàn)有的經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)上，把發(fā)展中國家人均生活質(zhì)量提高到與發(fā)達國家相當?shù)乃?，所引發(fā)的資源短缺和環(huán)境問題將會相當嚴重，解決的難度也很大。（2）I就整個世界來說：①國際社會要倡導各國，尤其發(fā)展中國家要盡最大可能把人口控制在合理的規(guī)模之內(nèi)；②建立公平的秩序，保證大多數(shù)人擁有不斷追求高水平生活質(zhì)量的平等權(quán)利。
人教版高中地理必修2人口的空間變化教案
影響我國古代人口大規(guī)模遷移的因素，與影響我國近幾十年人口遷移的因素有何不同？（古代：戰(zhàn)亂，其次為開疆拓土、流放、戍邊等?，F(xiàn)代：國家政策、社會變革、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、個人需求等。）2、為什么有這樣的不同？（古代人口遷移受統(tǒng)治者及其行政力量的束縛。由于自給自足的經(jīng)濟十分脆弱，加之頻繁的戰(zhàn)爭以及自然災(zāi)害等影響，人民難以安居樂業(yè)，不得不背井離鄉(xiāng)大批遷移。近幾十年來隨著社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展、貿(mào)易的往來和交通的便捷，我國人口遷移不僅數(shù)量增加，而且頻率加快，使各地人們的交往更加密切。）教師總結(jié)：從古今中外的人口遷移現(xiàn)象中，我們可以看出在人類歷史早期人口遷移中重要的因素是什么？（自然因素）現(xiàn)在什么因素起重要作用？（經(jīng)濟因素）。但是在某種特定的時空條件下，任何一種因素都有可能成為促使人口遷移的決定性因素?！咀鳂I(yè)設(shè)計】查閱49年以來中國歷年的人口數(shù)據(jù)資料，繪制人口增長的統(tǒng)計圖表，探究中國人口增長的發(fā)展趨勢
人教版高中地理必修2人口數(shù)量的變化教案
【教學目標】 1.理解人口數(shù)量在社會的發(fā)展過程中的變化趨勢，并能一一解釋其原因；2.理解發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家人口增長的差異和成因，并理解不同國家有不同的人口政策；3.運用圖表分析世界人口增長模式的特點，并比較人口增長模式的時間和空間的差異；4.通過學習，能讀懂并分析人口增長坐標圖；同時能辯證地認識人口增長的不同狀況采取的人口政策也不同?！窘虒W重、難點及解決辦法] 】重點：分析并比較人口增長模式在時間和空間上的差異難點：理解人口增長模式的三個指標解決方法：讀圖分析比較法 調(diào)查研究法 案例分析法 自主學習與合作探究 【教學準備】多媒體課件缺勤登記：【板書設(shè)計】第一節(jié)人口數(shù)量的變化第一節(jié) 人口數(shù)量的變化一、人口的自然增長（一）人口在數(shù)量變化在時間上是不均勻的（二）世界人口增長在空間上的差異——不均衡二、人口的增長模式及其轉(zhuǎn)變
人教版高中地理必修2人地關(guān)系思想的演變教案
2.由于附近金礦生產(chǎn)廢棄物尾礦砂的堆積，孫家村的大溝里十幾年來就吃掉了近百畝土地，使人均耕地下降到0.03公頃。村里和礦上共同商量，共同開發(fā)復墾，由礦上出錢，村里出勞力、機械，運來“客土”覆蓋到尾礦填平的溝壑上，形成耕地。十年來，通過這種方式恢復耕地15.335公頃，不僅解決了尾礦污染問題，而且村里耕地由25公頃多增加到40公頃。【思考】分析以上兩個例子，哪一個體現(xiàn)了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的原則，為什么？【分析】第二個材料體現(xiàn)了可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因為材料1用農(nóng)田堆放垃圾會破壞土地肥力，影響農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，又污染環(huán)境，危害村民健康。這種行為目光短淺，只顧眼前利益，沒有考慮長遠發(fā)展。材料2既解決了尾礦污染問題，又增加了耕地面積，耕地是可再生資源，利用得當，可為村民提供農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，解決溫飽同時創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟效益，達到良性循環(huán)。所以說保護環(huán)境就是挽救人類，我們要將這種意識轉(zhuǎn)化為自身行為，使人地關(guān)系走向和諧。
人教版高中政治必修2我國的宗教政策教案
（1）宗教有它自身的發(fā)展規(guī)律，不能簡單的用行政力量去消滅或發(fā)展宗教，實行宗教信仰自由政策是遵循宗教發(fā)展規(guī)律，科學處理宗教問題。（2）宗教信仰自由是憲法賦予公民的民主權(quán)利，實行宗教信仰自由政策有利于加強信教群眾與不信教群眾的團結(jié)，引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應(yīng)。2、弘揚科學精神我國是在馬列主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、三個代表重要思想指引下的社會主義國家，要建設(shè)社會主義物質(zhì)文明、政治文明，也要建設(shè)社會主義精神文明。加強對人民群眾的科學世界觀和無神論教育，形成文明、健康、崇尚科學的社會風尚，逐步消除宗教存在的社會根源何認識根源，在保護宗教信仰自由的同時，創(chuàng)造宗教消亡的條件，這是解決在教問題的根本途徑。3、中學生作為中國特色社會主義事業(yè)未來的建設(shè)者，要用辯證唯物主義和歷史主義以及現(xiàn)代科學文化知識武裝自己，弘揚科學精神，樹立科學世界觀，承擔起建設(shè)祖國、振興中華的光榮歷史使命。
人教版高中政治必修2我國的宗教政策教案
（一）知識目標識記：宗教信仰自由的含義。理解：（1）社會主義條件下宗教存在的長期性；（2）理解我國實行宗教信仰自由的內(nèi)容；（3）依法加強對宗教事務(wù)管理的有關(guān)規(guī)定。（4）積極引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應(yīng)。（二）能力目標能運用馬克思主義關(guān)于宗教的基本觀點，分析說明我國實行宗教信仰自由的正確性和必要性。（三）情感、態(tài)度與價值觀目標通過學習，加強宗教的政策觀念，自覺抵制和反對各種迷信活動，特別是認清法輪功的邪教本質(zhì)。三、教學重點難點全面理解和貫徹宗教信仰自由政策既是重點又是難點，教學中緊緊抓住中央一再強調(diào)的三句話：（1）全面貫徹宗教政策；（2）加強對宗教事務(wù)管理：（3）引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應(yīng)。四、學情分析這是本課的難點。我國是多民族的國家，也是多宗教的國家，特別是宗教對一些少數(shù)民族有廣泛而深遠的影響。我們東部地區(qū)的學生，很多人還存在疑惑：我們社會主義國家為什么還允許宗教存在，實行宗教信仰自由政策呢？
人教版高中地理必修2農(nóng)業(yè)的區(qū)位選擇教案
【教學目標】 （1）、區(qū)位的含義；（2）、農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)位選擇的主要因素；（3）、農(nóng)業(yè)地域的概念、類型?！窘虒W重、難點及解決辦法] 】重點：影響農(nóng)業(yè)的主要自然區(qū)位因素；社會經(jīng)濟因素及其發(fā)展變化對農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)位的影響。難點：運用所學原理，合理評價選擇農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)位。解決方法：知識講授、案例分析、問題探究與討論【教學準備】多媒體課件缺勤登記：三、自然因素的利用和改造1.充分利用：光熱水土并擴大范圍2.及時改造：使之更合理地發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)四、社會經(jīng)濟因素的發(fā)展變化1.市場區(qū)位及需求的變化2.交通運輸條件的改善和冷藏技術(shù)的發(fā)展，擴展了市場
人教版高中歷史必修2古代手工業(yè)的進步教案
①原因：封建制度的衰落（根本原因）【合作探究】清朝資本主義萌芽緩慢發(fā)展的原因。提示：①封建所有制的束縛。殘酷的封建剝削使農(nóng)民赤貧如洗，無力購買手工業(yè)品，限制了手工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的銷路。封建地租的剝削率很高，又驅(qū)使地主和商人把他們的錢財用于購買土地，影響資本主義手工業(yè)的擴大再生產(chǎn)。②.封建政府的壓制。清政府實行重農(nóng)抑商的政策，采取了許多妨礙手工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和資本主義萌芽發(fā)展的措施，主要的有：實行閉關(guān)政策，嚴格限制海外貿(mào)易；在國內(nèi)廣設(shè)關(guān)卡，對商品征收重稅；嚴格控制手工業(yè)的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模，如建立受官府控制的行會，制定行規(guī)限制雇工人數(shù)、產(chǎn)品品種、控制原料分配，限制產(chǎn)品銷售的價格和地區(qū)范圍等。②發(fā)展的表現(xiàn)：具有資本主義萌芽的部門和地區(qū)增多。（參見教材P10“學思之窗”）
人教版高中歷史必修2開辟新航路教案
材料五航路開辟后，東方香料輸入歐洲的總量較中古之時猛增30倍，而胡椒、丁香等在印度購入和在英國賣出的差價亦高達10至29倍，其他貨物的獲利同樣驚人。這一時期，新的商品不斷涌現(xiàn)，特別值得注意的是美洲的特產(chǎn)——玉米、馬鈴薯、煙草、可可等——被傳播到歐亞大陸。這時，世界性的對外貿(mào)易主要通過大西洋，地中海與意大利皆告衰落，而沿大洋的英、荷等漸居中心。到17世紀時，英國的倫敦與荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹成為世界貿(mào)易中心。問題4：材料五表明，新航路開辟后對世界貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生了哪些重大影響？答案4：結(jié)束了世界相對孤立狀態(tài)；各地文明開始會合交流，日益連成一個整體；歐洲商人直接同世界各地建立商業(yè)聯(lián)系；促進不同國家和貿(mào)易的發(fā)展，促進世界市場雛形開始出現(xiàn)。
