
This report is short, concise and has typical news content and language features. The title uses the verb phrases, embodying the characteristics of being concise and general. The introduction is the first two sentences in the first paragraph, describing the general situation of the cultural heritage protection project, including time, place, characters, events and other news elements, so that readers can see the main points of the news report at a glance. The main body is the second and third paragraphs, which report the important historical and cultural value of Mogao Grottoes and the production of Mogao Grottoes Material digital photos, which are of great significance to the inheritance of historical culture and the promotion of international cultural understanding, exchange and cooperation. Direct citation is used in the report, as well as background introduction and other news writing techniques.1. Get students to have a good understanding of some features about a news report by reading the text.2. Instruct students to write a summary about a news report properly using some newly acquired writing skills in this period.3. Develop students’ writing and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in writing discourses.1. Stimulate students to have a good understanding of how to a summary about a news report 2. Cultivate students to write a news report properly and concisely.Step 1: Lead in Do you think it is necessary for us to circulate our cultural heritage to the world? Why or why not?Do we need to learn more about other countries’ cultural heritage? Why or why not?Step 2: Read to discover details concerning the main body of the news report.

The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?

This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?

The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.

1. 標(biāo)題首先根據(jù)海報(bào)的特點(diǎn)、格式寫明標(biāo)題。海報(bào)中往往把內(nèi)容作為大標(biāo)題。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海報(bào)其正文部分的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同。對(duì)于介紹性的海報(bào), 首先要引出話題, 其次列出原因, 最后是總結(jié)。對(duì)于宣傳類的海報(bào), 要寫明具體內(nèi)容, 如: 活動(dòng)內(nèi)容, 地點(diǎn)以及參加活動(dòng)的注意事項(xiàng), 主持或舉辦單位等。1. 圖片: 要選擇引人注目的圖片, 與主題要相關(guān), 色彩明亮。話題句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我國(guó)的國(guó)寶。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上僅現(xiàn)存幾千只熊貓。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因?yàn)槿祟惖幕顒?dòng), 老虎處于瀕危的狀態(tài)。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生動(dòng)物面臨著滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施來(lái)保護(hù)它們。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人們應(yīng)該提高保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物的意識(shí)。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃驚, 目前中國(guó)僅有不足1 000只江豚。

Step 5 Practice一、完成下列句子。1. Judy and I _______________(把車停下來(lái)(park))in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could ______________________(讓我們的車充電(charge)).2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it ___________ that there were no audio guides____________(留下,剩下).3. We__________________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對(duì)...很驚訝)the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4. Judy ____________________(眼神專注于) Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5. She ____________________(把這幅畫的復(fù)制品裝箱(box)) to ensure that it was delivered safely.答案:1.had our car parked get our car battery charged 2. announced left 3. found ourselves very surprised 4. had her eyes fixed on 5. had a copy of the painting boxed二、用過(guò)去分詞對(duì)下列句子進(jìn)行改寫。1. Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.2. Carl and his friend stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.4. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.答案:1. Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.2. Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.4. The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.

This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:溫故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的意義1.及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),在語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示被動(dòng);在時(shí)間上,常表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我們的老師看著我們做實(shí)驗(yàn),最后給了我們一個(gè)滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會(huì)上提出的計(jì)劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),它不表示被動(dòng)意義,只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.

這個(gè)地區(qū)有著深厚的傳統(tǒng)。既學(xué)既練:為了讓更多的外國(guó)游客了解中國(guó)文化,欣賞中國(guó)美麗的自然風(fēng)光,感受中國(guó)發(fā)生的巨大變化,某外文雜志社將出版一本英語(yǔ)小冊(cè)子來(lái)介紹中國(guó)的旅游景點(diǎn)。該雜志社邀請(qǐng)你為該小冊(cè)子寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文來(lái)介紹杭州,內(nèi)容包括:1.杭州的位置(中國(guó)東南部)、面積(16 000多平方公里)及歷史(2 200多年)等;2.杭州的旅游特色(自然風(fēng)景、傳統(tǒng)文化、特色小吃等);3.希望更多的游客來(lái)杭州參觀。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city.Dating back more than 2,200 years, Hangzhou covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometers.In Hangzhou, you can visit the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating.In addition, you can’t miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions.In Hangzhou, the special snacks are famous and visitors from different parts of the world think highly of them.As a tourist attraction, Hangzhou attracts a large number of visitors from home and abroad every year.Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a scenic spot you can’t miss.

1. Get basic information about Eric; read deeply to understand the history and development of the virtual choir.2. Understand what the function of the virtual choir is and how to make a virtual choir.3. Understand the meaning of some languages in the context of the text through question guidance, such as “Many people do not have close friends or contacts who have the same interest in music.” and so on.Step 1 Leading-in1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Do you know the Apps like Tik Tok and Quick Hand?Q2: Do you want to make a Tik Tok video or a Quick Hand video?2. Play a Tik Tok video Step 2: Understanding the title Q1:What does the title mean ?Q2: Is the article a narration or exposition? Why? Q3: Can you change the title ? If you can, what is the title?Step 3: Scanning the whole text and getting the basic information1. Answer the following questions.Q1:Who came up with the idea for a virtual choir?Q2: Where did Eric studied the musical composition?Q3: What is his song?2. Find the main idea of each paragraph3. Deal with some new words.Step 4: Reading carefully to get detailed informationPara 1 How to make a virtual choir1. PreparationA. tools: a virtual camera; an Internet connectionB. hero/heroin: friends or some individuals who have the same interests2. Process

一、教材分析人教版高中思想政治必修4生活與哲學(xué)第一單元第三課第二框題《哲學(xué)史上的偉大變革》。本框主要內(nèi)容有馬克思主義哲學(xué)的產(chǎn)生和它的基本特征、馬克思主義的中國(guó)化的三大理論成果。學(xué)習(xí)本框內(nèi)容對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)講,將有助于他們正確認(rèn)識(shí)馬克思主義,運(yùn)用馬克思主義中國(guó)化的理論成果,分析解決遇到的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。具有很強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義。二、學(xué)情分析高二學(xué)生已經(jīng)具備了一定的歷史知識(shí),思維能力有一定提高,思想活躍,處于世界觀、人生觀形成時(shí)期,對(duì)一些社會(huì)現(xiàn)象能主動(dòng)思考,但尚需正確加以引導(dǎo),激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)馬克思主義哲學(xué)的興趣。三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.馬克思主義哲學(xué)產(chǎn)生的階級(jí)基礎(chǔ)、自然科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)和理論來(lái)源,馬克思主義哲學(xué)的基本特征。2.通過(guò)對(duì)馬克思主義哲學(xué)的產(chǎn)生和基本特征的學(xué)習(xí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生鑒別理論是非的能力,進(jìn)而運(yùn)用馬克思主義哲學(xué)的基本觀點(diǎn)分析和解決生活實(shí)踐中的問(wèn)題。3.實(shí)踐的觀點(diǎn)是馬克思主義哲學(xué)的首要和基本的觀點(diǎn),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在實(shí)踐中分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力,進(jìn)而培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中的科學(xué)探索精神和革命批判精神。

氣候變化對(duì)健康的影響 氣候變化對(duì)人體健康的不良影響是不難發(fā)現(xiàn)的:熱浪沖擊頻繁加重可致死亡率及某些疾病、特別是心臟呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病發(fā)病率增加;對(duì)氣候變化敏感的傳染性疾病如瘧疾和登革熱的傳播范圍可能增加。極端氣候事件, 如干旱、水災(zāi)、暴風(fēng)雨等, 使死亡率、傷殘率及傳染病疾病率上升, 并增加社會(huì)心理壓力。某些媒介疾病的加重也可能與氣候變化有間接的關(guān)系, 如瘧疾是通過(guò)蚊子傳播的疾病,氣候變化可能使某些變暖地區(qū)的蚊子數(shù)目增加, 從而加重了瘧疾的發(fā)生。我國(guó)1994年瘧疾的發(fā)病率為5.3408/10萬(wàn), 居全國(guó)法定傳染病的第六位。血吸蟲病的發(fā)展與高溫及灌溉系統(tǒng)的擴(kuò)增有關(guān)。我國(guó)1994年南方12省市血吸蟲病患者的檢出率高達(dá)3.67%,不能忽視氣候變化對(duì)此的可能影響。還有一些疾病,如睡眠病、登革熱、黑熱病等也有與氣候關(guān)系的報(bào)道。另外, CO2、一些空氣污染物如氮氧化物、臭氧等可增加過(guò)敏疾患及心臟呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病和死亡。

山西省總結(jié)出了許多重點(diǎn)工礦區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)模式,即圍繞煤田的露天開(kāi)采區(qū)、居民點(diǎn)和主要交通線建設(shè)區(qū),通過(guò)工程及生物措施,結(jié)合土地的復(fù)墾,充分利用廠礦的人力、財(cái)力和科技優(yōu)勢(shì),建立集約經(jīng)營(yíng)的高效蔬菜、水果及肉蛋奶生產(chǎn)基地(圖3.13)。1.說(shuō)一說(shuō)圖中各種工程及生物措施的作用。點(diǎn)撥:參考圖3.13圖中各工程及措施的作用:(1)隔離護(hù)壩:主要作用是將采掘區(qū)與河流隔開(kāi),以免河水流入采掘區(qū)。(2)排水溝:主要作用是引開(kāi)可能進(jìn)入采掘區(qū)的雨水或其他水源。(3)公路緊靠采掘區(qū),方便運(yùn)輸車輛就近從工地上公路。(4)“固沙草方格”,即在流沙表面用麥草、稻草扎成1×1米的草方格,使流沙不易被風(fēng) 吹起,達(dá)到阻沙、固沙的目的,并在草方格上栽種沙蒿、花棒、籽蒿、擰條等沙生植物,建立起旱生植物帶,營(yíng)造擋沙樹林。

1.根據(jù)下面的材料,歸納珠江三角洲發(fā)展基塘生產(chǎn)有利的地理?xiàng)l件。珠江三角洲地勢(shì)低平,河網(wǎng)密布,降水充沛。北回歸線從珠江三角洲的北部穿過(guò)。桑樹和甘蔗主要分布于熱帶和亞熱帶。廣州是古代海上絲綢之路的起始地之一。水產(chǎn)品在廣東人的食物結(jié)構(gòu)中占有較大的比重。點(diǎn)撥珠江三角洲地區(qū)發(fā)展基塘農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)有利條件可以結(jié)合材料,歸納為三個(gè)方面:地形、氣候、市場(chǎng)(當(dāng)?shù)睾秃M猓┚唧w分析略。2.圖4.16所示的基塘生產(chǎn)將哪些產(chǎn)業(yè)聯(lián)系起來(lái)?哪些副產(chǎn)品(或廢棄物)被充分利用起來(lái)?這種聯(lián)系對(duì)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展有什么作用?點(diǎn)撥基塘生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)將種植業(yè)(桑、蔗等)、養(yǎng)殖業(yè)(養(yǎng)蠶、養(yǎng)魚)、工業(yè)(絲廠、糖廠)等幾種產(chǎn)業(yè)緊密的聯(lián)系在一起。在此環(huán)節(jié)中,塘泥、蠶沙(蠶屎)、蠶蛹、繅絲、濾泥、蔗葉等副產(chǎn)品被充分的回收利用。養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)、蔗糖加工業(yè)同塘魚養(yǎng)殖業(yè)緊密結(jié)合,作為一種綜合的經(jīng)營(yíng),幾者之間相互依存、相互促進(jìn)、揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短,有機(jī)地循環(huán)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。

1.閱讀圖5.16,說(shuō)明產(chǎn)業(yè)向國(guó)外轉(zhuǎn)移對(duì)日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的不利影響。點(diǎn)撥:圖5.16直觀的顯示了產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移對(duì)日本經(jīng)濟(jì)的不利影響:形成“產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移出去的多,轉(zhuǎn)移進(jìn)來(lái)的少→國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)投資不足,生產(chǎn)困難→市場(chǎng)萎縮→產(chǎn)業(yè)向外轉(zhuǎn)移,外資不愿進(jìn)入”的惡性循環(huán)。2.盡管重化工業(yè)的環(huán)境污染比較嚴(yán)重,但是卻能為工業(yè)化的發(fā)展提供堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),因此成為發(fā)達(dá)工業(yè)的象征。日本、韓國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展都經(jīng)歷了由輕工業(yè)(勞動(dòng)密集型)到重化工業(yè)(資源密集型和資金密集型)到高科技工業(yè)(技術(shù)密集型)的階段。(1)為什么日本、韓國(guó)在重點(diǎn)發(fā)展重化工業(yè)之前,要先發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型工業(yè)?點(diǎn)撥:重化工業(yè)的發(fā)展一方面需要有一定的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)工人,另一方面需要投入大量的資金,先發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型工業(yè)有利于利用勞動(dòng)力資源豐富且廉價(jià)的優(yōu)勢(shì),積累資金和造就產(chǎn)業(yè)工人。所以,勞動(dòng)力豐富的發(fā)展中國(guó)家或地區(qū)的工業(yè)化往往從優(yōu)先發(fā)展勞動(dòng)密集型工業(yè)開(kāi)始。

2.通過(guò)西氣東輸輸送到上海的天然氣,價(jià)格只相當(dāng)于進(jìn)口天然氣的3/4、同等熱值煤氣的 2/3。你認(rèn)為是否應(yīng)該提高天然氣的價(jià)格,以促進(jìn)西部的發(fā)展。點(diǎn)撥:可以從不同方面分析。⑷對(duì)環(huán)境的影響①有利于改善東部地區(qū)的大氣質(zhì)量據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)顯示,在同等熱值的情況下,與煤炭相比,利用天然氣作燃料幾乎不產(chǎn)生二氧化硫、粉塵等污染物質(zhì),氮氧化物和二氧化碳的排放量也大為減少。長(zhǎng)江三角洲地區(qū)的能源長(zhǎng)期高度依賴煤炭,例如,上海市煤炭消費(fèi)量占能源消費(fèi)總量的70%。從西部地區(qū)輸送來(lái)的天然氣,可以部分替代煤炭。②為了最大限度減少對(duì)沿線地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響,西氣東輸工程在建設(shè)過(guò)程中,嚴(yán)格環(huán)境保護(hù)的要求。③在沿線農(nóng)村地區(qū)推廣使用天然氣,可減少農(nóng)民對(duì)薪柴的需求,從而緩解因植被破壞而帶來(lái)的環(huán)境壓力。

【課標(biāo)要求】以某流域?yàn)槔?,分析該流域開(kāi)發(fā)的地理?xiàng)l件?!菊n標(biāo)解讀】以田納西河流域?yàn)閷?shí)例,從流域位置、自然環(huán)境、自然資源、人口、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)等方面,分析該流域開(kāi)發(fā)的地理?xiàng)l件?!緦W(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1、讀圖并結(jié)合課文分析田納西河流域的位置、氣候、水文、地貌、自然資源等自然條件。2、閱讀課文分析田納西河流域的人口、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)等社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件?!窘虒W(xué)重點(diǎn)】讀圖并結(jié)合課文分析田納西河流域的位置、氣候、水文、地貌、自然資源等自然條件【教學(xué)難點(diǎn)】讀圖并結(jié)合課文分析田納西河流域的氣候、水文條件【教學(xué)資源】田納西河流域的位置圖、流域圖、 世界氣候類型分布圖、沿河剖面圖、礦產(chǎn)資源分布圖

活動(dòng)建議:亞馬孫雨林的開(kāi)發(fā)和保護(hù),一直作為一個(gè)兩難問(wèn)題困擾著決策者們。這三個(gè)議題的提出,為決策者們提供了思考的途徑,其實(shí)這也是國(guó)際社會(huì)的呼聲?;顒?dòng)中,可以讓同學(xué)們?nèi)我膺x一個(gè)感興趣的議題,進(jìn)行評(píng)述、整理、發(fā)揮,然后進(jìn)行交流,達(dá)成共識(shí)。或以板報(bào)的形式 進(jìn)行。板書設(shè)計(jì)第二節(jié) 森林的開(kāi)發(fā)和保護(hù)——以亞馬孫熱帶雨林為例四、亞馬孫開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃及其影響1.全球熱帶雨林被毀的原因⑴直接原因——人類的開(kāi)發(fā)⑵亞馬孫地區(qū),破壞雨林的人類活動(dòng):⑶開(kāi)發(fā)的背景:2.亞馬孫地區(qū)開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程⑴從歷史因素看,對(duì)雨林影響不大。⑵20世紀(jì)五六十年代后,影響逐漸加大3.亞馬孫流域 大規(guī)模開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃⑴修建亞馬孫橫貫公路 ⑵移民亞馬孫平原⑶借助外資、鼓勵(lì)跨國(guó)企業(yè)投資開(kāi)發(fā)五、雨林的前途——開(kāi)發(fā)還是保護(hù)1.目前,全球的熱帶雨林正以驚人的速度不斷減少。2.亞馬孫這片全球最大的熱帶雨林,前景也同樣不容樂(lè)觀。3.開(kāi)發(fā) 與保護(hù)?

【教學(xué)方法】本節(jié)課的教學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)比較瑣碎,學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和理解起來(lái)有較大的困難。教師在并結(jié)合教材中所引的文獻(xiàn)資料給予必要的點(diǎn)撥,并依據(jù)教材,并在此基礎(chǔ)上拓展教材引用有關(guān)材料,擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的思維,用思考題的形式,有機(jī)地將教材的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)知識(shí)串聯(lián)起來(lái),注意培養(yǎng)學(xué)生史論結(jié)合、論從史出的良好的歷史學(xué)習(xí)品質(zhì)?!緦?dǎo)入新課】秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國(guó)后,繼承了商鞅變法的成果和實(shí)踐了韓非子的理論,創(chuàng)立了封建專制主義中央集權(quán)的政治制度,即皇帝制、中央官制和郡縣制,把專制主義的決策方式和中央集權(quán)的政治制度有機(jī)結(jié)合起來(lái)。秦始皇首創(chuàng)的專制主義中央集權(quán)的政治體制為我國(guó)延續(xù)兩千多年的封建社會(huì)選擇了政治體制的基本模式。西漢王朝建立后,劉邦承襲了秦始皇所開(kāi)創(chuàng)的統(tǒng)一的封建專制主義中央集權(quán)制。通過(guò)綜合概述上節(jié)課內(nèi)容,導(dǎo)入新課。

二.運(yùn)用思考題目,激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)本課問(wèn)題的探究,檢查學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,結(jié)合所學(xué)的知識(shí),對(duì)問(wèn)題的思考、質(zhì)疑;從而學(xué)會(huì)查閱、搜集資料,分析、整理;通過(guò)討論、交流,得出新的認(rèn)識(shí)。學(xué)生可根據(jù)自己的實(shí)際情況和個(gè)人愛(ài)好,可選擇不同的作業(yè)呈現(xiàn)方式,包括作業(yè)的問(wèn)題的選擇、繳交的方式(制作、小論文、課件)等等,從而體現(xiàn)學(xué)生對(duì)古代希臘雅典民主政治產(chǎn)生的條件、雅典民主政治的內(nèi)容及其意義的認(rèn)識(shí)的程度。1.“東西方不同政治制度選擇的因素分析”(課前)2.古代雅典民主政治制度對(duì)人類文明的影響。(課后)七.反思與總結(jié)本課的設(shè)計(jì)在實(shí)施過(guò)程中,總體效果比較好,對(duì)課標(biāo)的要求基本達(dá)至。尤其是通過(guò)東西方不同政治制度選擇的對(duì)比,不但復(fù)習(xí)了舊的知識(shí),而且加深了對(duì)新知識(shí)的掌握,從而有更深入的認(rèn)識(shí)。學(xué)生在這個(gè)問(wèn)題的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中,通過(guò)課前自身的活動(dòng)(搜集、查閱資料),逐步培養(yǎng)歷史的學(xué)習(xí)的方法;在課堂上,同學(xué)們通過(guò)討論的過(guò)程,互相交流、分享心得體會(huì);逐步提高自己的思維能力。

3.法律制度走向健全關(guān)于法律制度走向健全的歷史條件,可指導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀教材相關(guān)段落,教師適當(dāng)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,得出結(jié)論:提出法制建設(shè)方針并著手平反冤假錯(cuò)案,這是恢復(fù)和加強(qiáng)民主法制建設(shè)的重要舉措。為全面開(kāi)展法制建設(shè)準(zhǔn)備了政治基礎(chǔ)。關(guān)于法制建設(shè)方針的提出,可由教師補(bǔ)充材料,使學(xué)生理解加強(qiáng)法制建設(shè)的必要性,如:鄧小平會(huì)見(jiàn)意大利記者奧琳埃娜?法拉奇(1980年8月)“奧:我看不出怎樣才能避免或防止再發(fā)生諸如“文化大革命”這樣可怕的事情。”“鄧:這要從制度方面解決問(wèn)題。我們過(guò)去的一些制度,實(shí)際上受了封建主義的影響,包括個(gè)人迷信、家長(zhǎng)制或家長(zhǎng)作風(fēng),甚至包括干部職務(wù)終身制。我們現(xiàn)在正在研究避免重復(fù)這種現(xiàn)象,準(zhǔn)備從改革制度著手。我們這個(gè)國(guó)家有幾千年封建社會(huì)的歷史,缺乏社會(huì)主義的民主和社會(huì)主義的法制?,F(xiàn)在我們要認(rèn)真建立社會(huì)主義的民主制度和社會(huì)主義法制。只有這樣,才能解決問(wèn)題?!?/p>
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