
通過與學生講解切線長定義,讓學生在參與、合作中有一個猜想,再進一步提出更有挑戰(zhàn)性的問題,能否用數(shù)學的方法加以證明。問題的解決,使學生既能解決新的問題,同時應(yīng)用到全等、切線的性質(zhì)等知識,同時三條輔助線中,兩條運用切線性質(zhì)添加、一條構(gòu)造全等。證明后用較規(guī)范的語言歸納并不斷完善。(3) 應(yīng)用新知加深理解通過前面的學習學生們已經(jīng)對切線長定理有了較深刻的了解。為了加深學生對定理的認識并培養(yǎng)學生的應(yīng)用意識學習例1、例2。例1讓學生自己獨立完成,加深對切線長定理的理解,老師進行點評,對于例2,由師生共同分析完成,交進行示范板書。(4) 鞏固與提高此訓練題分為二個層次,目的在于鞏固新學的定理,并將所學的定理應(yīng)用到舊的知識體系中,使學生的知識體系得到補充和完善。(5) 歸納與小結(jié)通過小結(jié),使知識成為系統(tǒng)幫助學生全面理解,掌握所學的知識。

教學目標:知識與技能:1、使學生初步體會對策論方法在解決實際問題中的應(yīng)用。2使學生認識到解決問題策略的多樣性,形成尋找解決問題最優(yōu)方案的意識。3、培養(yǎng)學生的應(yīng)用意識和解決實際問題的能力。過程與方法:使學生理解優(yōu)化的思想,形成從多種方案中尋找最優(yōu)方案的意識,提高學生解決問題的能力。情感、態(tài)度和價值觀:使學生感受到數(shù)學在日常生活中的廣泛應(yīng)用,嘗試用數(shù)學的方法解決生活中的簡單問題。重點:體會優(yōu)化的思想難點:尋找解決問題最優(yōu)方案,提高學生解決問題的能力。教具:圖片教學過程:一、情境導入:1、你們聽過“田忌賽馬“的故事嗎?田忌是怎樣贏了齊王的?誰能給大家講一講這個故事?2、問:田忌的馬都不如齊王的馬,但他卻贏了?這是為什么呢?3、這節(jié)課我們就來研究研究。板書課題:數(shù)學廣角

教材分析:"雞兔同籠"問題是我國民間廣為流傳的數(shù)學趣題,最早出現(xiàn)在《孫子算經(jīng)》中。教材在本單元安排“雞兔同籠”問題,一方面可以培養(yǎng)學生的邏輯推理能力;另一方面使學生體會代數(shù)方法的一般性。“雞兔同籠”的原題數(shù)據(jù)比較大,不利于首次接觸該類問題的學生進行探究,因此教材先編排了例1,通過化繁為間的思想,幫助學生先探索出解決該類問題的一般方法后,再解決《孫子算經(jīng)》中數(shù)據(jù)比較大的原題。解決“雞兔同籠”問題時,教材展示了學生逐步解決問題的過程,既猜測、列表、假設(shè)或方程解。其中假設(shè)和列方程解是解決該類問題的餓一般方法?!凹僭O(shè)法”有利于培養(yǎng)學生的邏輯推理能力,列方程則有助于學生體會代數(shù)方法的一般性。因此在解決“雞兔同籠”問題時,學生選用哪種方法均可,不強求用某一種方法。

(一)創(chuàng)設(shè)問題情境:師:小朋友,你們喜歡老師漂亮一點呢還是喜歡老師丑一點?生:大多數(shù)的小朋友說喜歡老師漂亮。師:那你們幫助老師打扮打扮。我最喜歡紅色體恤和這三件下衣,到底怎樣搭配最漂亮呢?請小朋友們給老師出出主意。小朋友們紛紛發(fā)表自己的意見,并說出了自己的理由。師:謝謝。你們的建議都不錯。那我這一件上衣、三件下衣能有多少種不同的穿法呢?老師接著問:那我有兩件上衣、三件下衣又有多少種不同的穿法呢?有說4種、有說5種、也有說6種的,到底有幾種呢?(二)1.自主合作探索新知試一試師:請同學們也試著想一想,如果你覺得直接想象有困難的話可以借助手中的學具卡片擺一擺。學生活動教師巡視。2.發(fā)現(xiàn)問題學生匯報所寫個數(shù),教師根據(jù)巡視的情況重點展示幾份,引導學生發(fā)現(xiàn)問題:有的重復了,有的漏寫了。

Step 3 (3b)First, tell the students when we talk about our future plans, we often use: I’m+verb+ing When we talk about what we must do, we use have to. Ask the students to fill in the blanks in 3b. The answers are: shopping, go to see, a test, I’m going, my family. Step 4 (3c)Let the students write an e-mail message to a friend. Say why you can’t visit next. Before the exercise, ask the students to give some possible answers and write them on the blackboard. So the students will feel easy to finish the writing exercise. After they finish it, Let them to correct it in groups first. Each group chooses theirs best one to read in front of the whole class. Step 5 ( planning a party )First read the conversation in the box together. Then ask the students to turn to page 88.Write down everything you have to do next week. Write in all the things you have to do . Ask the students to look at the list. Ask them “What day are you free?” This is when you can have your party. Step 6 (Self check 1 )Let the students to fill in the blanks with the words given. Change the forms of the words if possible. Then make their own sentences. The answers are: visit, playing, have to, study, comeStep 7 (Self check 2)Imagine you are Marie. Read the information and look at your schedule. Write replies to the invitation.

1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接著,……最后,……這是英語中表達做某事的步驟的一種說法。如果步驟較多,還可以說:first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你會聽到說英語國家的人在說 first, next, then, finally 和后面的內(nèi)容時,他們會做一些停頓。這樣就能提前告訴聽者接下來講的是一系列的步驟。這一點在朗讀和聽力中應(yīng)特別注意。2. how many, how much均為疑問詞,同是“多少”,但用法不同。請看:how many修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù),how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但在用法上,同學們常犯如下錯誤:1) [誤] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容詞,常修飾名詞作定語,故后面跟名詞。2) [誤]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修飾不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。how many與how much的區(qū)別可簡記為:前how many:問“多少”,復數(shù)名詞后面跑;how much問“多少”,不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)好。前者答語用基數(shù)詞,后者答語用數(shù)量關(guān)系。

Step Ⅶ Role play ( Work on 1b)1. First ask two students to read the dialogue to the class.Sa: How do you get to school?Sb: Well, I ride my bike to the subway station. Then I take the subway.2. Now work with a partner.Suppose you use two kinds of transportation to get to school \Hangzhou\Beijing... (bus, train, subway, walking, bike, etc.) Tell how you get there. You may use the phrases in 1a.3. Then ask different pairs of students to present their conversations to the class.Step ⅧListening1. Work on 2a(1) First ask students to read the list of information that Thomas wants to know.…where Nina lives.…h(huán)ow far from school she lives.…h(huán)ow long it takes to get to school.…h(huán)ow she gets to school.…what she thinks of the transportation.(2) Tell students what transportation and bus stop mean.bus stop 汽車站 transportation n. 運送;運輸Then tell students we'll hear a recording. Please put a checkmark in front of each thing that Thomas wants to know.(3) Now play the recording for students.( Have students pay attention to the sample answer.) (4) Then correct the answers.

Teaching goals : 1. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc. 2. How to talk about future plans . 3. 現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來計劃或行動. 4. 特殊疑問句(where , when , how long引導) Important and difficult points : Drills :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m watching TV . When are you going ? I’m going … . How long are you staying ? We’re staying for five days . Teaching aids : cards and a tape ,a large wall calendar . Period 1 Teaching procedures : Step 1Leading in1. Free talk . 2. Put up the wall calendar . T: I’m staying home on Saturday (pointing to next Saturday ).Ss repeat . Ss: I’m staying home on Saturday . T: OK. Today we’ll learn how to talk about future plans. Step 2Pre-task SB Page 13 , 1a . 1. Look at the picture carefully and tell what you see in the picture . 2. Write the activities from the pictures in the box and add some more . 3. Practice reading . Step 3While-task1. Using the activities we write in 1a to make conversations .For example :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m visiting my uncle . 2. Pairwork .Practice in pairs . 3. 用第三人稱練習對話.

1 交通工具的比較此活動為小組活動。學生通過討論找出到達某一城市可乘坐的各種交通工具,并選擇最佳出行方式。Teacher:We’re going to Shanghai. How many ways can we use to get there? Yes, there are four ways: by bus, by plane, by train, by ship. Please discuss how you are going to get there.操作建議:(1)學生以小組為單位展開活動,談?wù)摫窘M所選擇的交通工具。(2)各組選代表向全班匯報,闡述本組所選擇的交通工具的利和弊。完成任務(wù)所需要的語言結(jié)構(gòu):We can go there by ship. It’s more comfortable and cheaper than any other transportation.We can go there by bus. It’s cheaper but it takes longer time.2 哪個城市更合適?此活動具有挑戰(zhàn)性。假設(shè)中國要舉行2014年世界杯足球賽,分別從歷史,人文,天氣等方面對各城市(北京,大連,上海,昆明)進行比較,選擇最佳舉辦城市。T: Imagine China is holding the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Which city do you think is the best for the World Cup, Beijing, Dalian, Shanghai or Kunming? Let’s work in groups. If you choose Beijing, please join the Team Red. If you chose Dalian, please join the Team White. If you choose Shanghai, please join the Team Blue. If you choose Kunming, please join the Team Green. Please show us its advantages. Then let’s see which team will win.

“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation

一、 教學內(nèi)容Section A 1a----1c二、 教學目標1.學習詞匯do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, sweep the floor, clean the living room.2.句型 Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.三、 教學準備 學生預(yù)習本單元所有的詞匯多媒體課件 活動表 獎品四、 教學過程Pre-task1. Warming upEnjoy ourselves. Watch cartoon Cinderella. 看動畫片段《灰姑娘》導如入本課話題和新詞匯“chores”美麗善良的鬼姑娘因繼母的嫉妒,每天得做所有的家務(wù)。片段的主題使學生聯(lián)想到本課的話題。2. learn new words and phrasesLook! What is she / he dong? 看圖學習動詞詞組do chores, do the dishes, make the bed, take out the trash, fold the clothes, do the laundry, clean the living room.3. Guessing game.What is she doing ? 4. Pair work. 1a, Do you do these things at home? Write “Y” for “yes” and “N” for “no”.5. Listening . 1b , Peter’s chores or Mom’s chores?理解目標語Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.Write “M” for Mom’s chores, “P” for Peter’s chores in the chart.6. PairworkLook at the picture,Ask your partner to do the chores that you see. 7. Interview Who is the most able at home? 1) What chores do you do at home? How often do you do the chores? Work in four, interview each of the students in the group, fill in the chart.

教學目標1.知識目標:(1)學習What are you going to be when you grow up?/How are you going to do that?句式。(2)學會用英語描述有關(guān)職業(yè)的表達法。2.能力目標:(1)能夠談?wù)摓閷崿F(xiàn)理想所做出的打算和安排。(2)能夠談?wù)撐磥碜约号c他人理想的職業(yè)及原因。(3)能用英語描述課余時間的活動安排,最終具備表達綜合信息的能力。3.情感目標:新學期到來之際,讓他們在學習、體育、飲食、特長、讀書等方面制定計劃,教育學生合理安排自己的課外生活,思考自己的理想職業(yè)及適合自己的職業(yè)。教學重點、難點本單元的重點為“be going to”表將來,want to be, what,where, when,how引導的特殊疑問句。難點是語言目標的實現(xiàn)。教材分析本單元以I am going to be a basketball player為話題,共設(shè)計了三部分的內(nèi)容:一、Section A該部分有4個模塊。第一模塊圍繞Do you think these jobs are interesting?這一話題展開思維(1a)、聽力(1b)、口語(1c)訓練;

教學重點和難點:運用所掌握的語言描述,比較不同地點的特點。在練習中學習掌握英語比較級和最高級的用法。課前準備分配小組,每組五至六人。通過上網(wǎng)或翻閱報刊雜志等方法,確定旅游線路,做出基本的旅游計劃。教學設(shè)計:本節(jié)課流程圖 學法指導:1.由于這是一堂新課,在教學中應(yīng)注意面向全體,發(fā)揮學生的主體性,引導學生積極參與,激發(fā)學生的求知欲和學習積極性,指導學生積極思維,主動獲取知識,養(yǎng)成良好的學習方法。逐步學會獨立解決問題。總之要盡可能調(diào)動學生的非智力因素促進智力因素的發(fā)展。教法選擇:1.電化教學法2.課堂討論法3.任務(wù)型教學法采用這些方法的目的是為了充分調(diào)動學生的學習積極性,使學生變被動學習為主動學習。通過電腦形象的演示,加強印象,提高興趣,突破難點,提高教學效率,進而增大教學的容量和信息量。充分體現(xiàn)教師為主導,學生為主體的教學原則。

She shouldn’t go to the party tonight.Step7. TaskT: You know, there are lots of problems in our life. If you are a doctor, please tell us how to solve the problem. I will divide you into 9 groups. Please work in groups. And then choose one of you to report your ideas.The following are the problems:I have a toothache.I am hungry. I have a sore throat.I am stressed out. I have a sore back.I am tired. I can’t sleep.I have a cold. I have a headache.Report: If you have a headache, you should go to bed early. You should see the doctor. You should eat some medicine. You shouldn’t wash your face with cold water.You shouldn’t sleep late.You shouldn’t swim.…..T encourages the students to give advice as much as possible.Homework:1. Chose one of the problems, and write down your advice2. Copy the new words這一步是用于熱身的,同時也可以讓他們復習一部分的表示人體部位的單詞,擴充知識.學習語言的過程也是一個不斷積累的過程,復習舊知識,增添新知識.通過小游戲,強化學生對Does she/he have…這個句子的運用能力.通過復習,自然的引到下面新知識的學習。充分利用表格,由句子到對話,再到文章,讓學生循序漸進. 提高學生的綜合語言運用能力,運用以前學過的知識來解決身邊的問題.Period 5 (Section B 3a—3c, selfcheck)教學內(nèi)容與分析:

教學內(nèi)容:統(tǒng)一長度單位教材分析:通過量一量說一說想一想等活動切實感受到統(tǒng)一長度單位的必要性及其對生活的重要意義。學情分析:在上冊“比一比”中學了比較物體長短的基礎(chǔ)上學習的。盡管學生有這方面的經(jīng)驗和基礎(chǔ),但是長度單位的操作和應(yīng)用是多種知識的綜合,對小孩來說還是比較難的,在教學中應(yīng)根據(jù)學生特點,注重實踐性,培養(yǎng)觀察力。教學目標:1、讓學生通過量一量、說一說的活動,體驗統(tǒng)一長度單位的過程,感受統(tǒng)一長度單位的必要性,為厘米、米的學習打下基礎(chǔ)。2、讓學生用不同實物作標準進行測量,培養(yǎng)學生的動手、思考能力,以及合作、估測的意識。3、通過不同的測量活動,讓學生體驗測量活動的過程,感受學習與生活的聯(lián)系,體驗學習數(shù)學的樂趣。

提起了母親,朱德將軍滿臉溫情和悲痛。生他的時候,母親不過二十剛過的年齡。她比一般婦女要高大一些,強壯一些,褲子和短褂上,左一塊右一塊都是補丁,兩只手上突顯著粗粗的血管,由于操勞過度,面色已是黝黑,蓬蓬的頭發(fā)在后頸上挽成一個發(fā)髻,兩只大大的褐色眼睛里充滿了賢惠,充滿了憂愁。(摘自史沫特萊《偉大的道路》)毛澤東寫給朱德母親的挽聯(lián)毛澤東曾給朱德的母親寫了一副挽聯(lián):“為母當學民族英雄賢母,斯人無愧勞動階級完人。”毛澤東在這副挽聯(lián)中高度贊揚了朱德母親的高尚品質(zhì),高度評價了他的革命戰(zhàn)友朱德的革命精神。上聯(lián),“為母”是指做母親。是的,母親是兒女的第一任老師。那么,怎樣才能做一個合格的母親呢?毛澤東接下來告訴人們“當學民族英雄賢母”,告訴天下所有做母親的人,要學習民族英雄——朱德賢惠的母親。上聯(lián)的重點在于贊子,既悼母又贊子,一語雙關(guān)。

【設(shè)計意圖】引導學生梳理文章內(nèi)容,學習文章層層推理的特色。四、當堂檢測《生于憂患,死于安樂》中提出擔當大任的人必須經(jīng)過艱苦的磨煉。請根據(jù)查找的相關(guān)資料,補充一些例子,并說說你的看法。1.司馬遷受宮刑而作《史記》。2.曹雪芹舉家食粥而寫出了不朽的《紅樓夢》。3.貝多芬即使在雙耳失聰?shù)那闆r下,仍然堅持音樂創(chuàng)作。(生交流討論,舉手發(fā)言)師小結(jié):美國劇作家帕特里克說:“痛苦使人思索,思索使人明智,智慧使人生命持久?!眱?yōu)越的條件容易消磨人的意志,腐蝕人的健康肌體,使人喪失成功的上進心;而艱苦的環(huán)境,坎坷的道路,卻能磨煉人的意志,增強人的上進心。學習了本文,希望大家悉心體會,思有所悟,學有所獲。【設(shè)計意圖】增強學生的憂患意識,激勵學生要有克服困難的信心和勇氣,學會正確對待生活中的困境。

陶弘景隱居茅山時期,仍然關(guān)心社會的發(fā)展,希望社會穩(wěn)定,天下百姓都能安居樂業(yè)。梁武帝很感激陶弘景給予的有力支持,親提御毫,寫了一封情真意切的御詔,文曰:“山中何所有?卿何戀而不返?”盼望陶弘景出山輔政,重列朝班。然而陶弘景下定了不出山的決心,他先寫了一首詩,后畫了一幅畫作為回答。詩為《詔問山中何所有賦詩以答》:“山中何所有,嶺上多白云。只可自怡悅,不堪持贈君。”畫的內(nèi)容是:兩頭牛,一頭散放水草之間,自由自在;一頭套著金籠頭,被人用牛繩牽著,用牛鞭驅(qū)趕。梁武帝看了詩和畫,領(lǐng)會了他的用意,就不再強迫他出來做官了。但是“國家每有吉兇征討大事,無不前以咨詢”,故當時人稱陶弘景為“山中宰相”。林語堂《蘇東坡傳》中這樣評價蘇軾

【設(shè)計意圖】幫助學生理解象征手法,明確本體與象征體的聯(lián)系,體會作者的情感。通過朗讀加深學生對重點句子的理解,讓這種精神內(nèi)化為個人力量。三、練習象征手法的運用請同學們說一說這些形象可以象征什么?課件出示:落葉、荷花、蠟燭、梅花、翠竹、鷹、太陽、孔雀、牛生答:蠟燭燃燒自己照亮別人,可以象征舍己為人的品質(zhì),可以象征教師?!瓗煟捍蠹业乃悸分饾u被打開了,請同學們拿出紙和筆開始寫作。注意:本文前半部分是對白楊樹的自身形象進行描繪,再通過聯(lián)想和想象賦予它一定的象征意義,所以同學們不要一開始就寫什么物象征什么。結(jié)束語:同學們,一篇優(yōu)秀的散文,就如一幅無形的畫,又恰似一首讀不盡的詩,茅盾先生的散文達到了如詩如畫的藝術(shù)境界,白楊樹在特定的歷史時期被賦予了特定的內(nèi)涵。讓我們再次以茅盾先生寫的小詩《題白楊圖》作結(jié),向白楊樹的精神致敬,向中華兒女身上的正直、質(zhì)樸、緊密團結(jié)、力求上進、堅強不屈的精神和意志致敬?。◣熒x教材P81《題白楊圖》一詩)

一提到朱自清,大家腦海里閃現(xiàn)出的便是《荷塘月色》《背影》《匆匆》等美文。位于昆明司家營的朱自清舊居,這座“一顆印”老宅不僅承載著七十多年前以朱自清為代表的清華文科研究所師生的家國情懷,也記錄著朱自清那些不為人知的故事。這些故事,將撕開朱自清身上“散文家”“詩人”“學者”“民主戰(zhàn)士”的標簽,讓大家看到一個不一樣的朱自清!“時尚達人”朱自清1942年冬天,昆明天氣格外寒冷,如何溫暖過冬成了朱自清頭疼的大問題。身上的舊皮袍已經(jīng)縫補了許多次,早已抵擋不住瑟瑟寒風。掏掏口袋,發(fā)現(xiàn)生活費都夠嗆,更不要說縫制新棉袍,于是朱自清做了一個決定。趁著龍頭街趕街的日子,朱自清給自己挑了一件趕馬人穿的、制作粗糙、價格便宜的氈披風。朱自清一氈多用,出門時,他就將氈披風披在身上御寒,晚上睡覺時,氈披風一脫就當被褥。朱自清上街,里邊穿西裝,外邊穿趕馬人的氈披風,給聯(lián)大師生留下了深刻的印象。這件氈披風由于太過顯眼,被譽為“聯(lián)大三絕”,也成了他教授生活清貧的標志,以至于后來多次出現(xiàn)在回憶朱自清的朋友的筆下。
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